Lipoprotein

DATA No : TLP4401 INFORMANT : Kazuo Kondo

NAME : apolipoprotein C-II

COMMON NAME	:
SYMBOL	:	apo C-II
FORMULA	:	MOL.WT (average) :

BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY

Function
Apo CII binds to lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hydrolizes triglycerides.(Ref. 4403)

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MELTING POINT	:	Molecular weight:8,837 Isoelectric point:4.9(Ref. 4401)

BOILING POINT	:	The number of amino acid residues :79

REFRACTIVE INDEX	:	Amino acid sequences:Further investigations are required.

OPTICAL ROTATION	:	Structure:The primary structure of apo C-II is comprised of single-stranded polypeptides. Amphiphilic helix structures are observed in segments 13-22, 28-38, and 43-51. Hydrophobic peptides in segments 66-78, 60-78, 55-78, and 50-78 do not bind to phospholipids, while the segment 43-49 is highly hydrophobic and has a helix structure, thus being involved in lipid binding.

DENSITY	:	Amino acid compositions (Ref. 4408)

SOLUBILITY	:	(Ref. 4402)

SPECTRAL DATA

UV SPECTRA	:

IR SPECTRA	:

NMR SPECTRA	:

MASS SPECTRA	:

OTHER SPECTRA	:

CHROMATOGRAM DATA

Method of purification
After centrifugation, VLDL was separated from plasma by ultracentrifugation, which was defatted after dialysis.

SOURCE

Existing condition and distribution of lipoprotein
In blood, apo C-II binds to lipids, and is a structural element of VLDL and HDL

CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS

Sites of synthesis:The liver and the small intestine.
The rate of synthesis:1.6mg/kg/day

METABOLISM

Metabolism
Apo C-II is synthesized in the liver and small intestine, and present in VLDL. After activating LPL, apo C-II is transferred from VLDL to HDL.
Half life:1.0 days(Ref. 4404/4405)

GENETIC INFORMATION

Genetic information
Gene locus:19;pter-q13
Genearrangement(DNA)(Ref. 4115)
Information of genetic diseases:Information on genetic diseases (Apo C-II deficiency).
Phenotypes:Further investigations are required.(Ref. 4406)

NOTE

Standard range:1.6- 4.2mg/dl (in human sera)
Diseases and drugs that induce abnormal levels of apo C-II.:Apo C-II deficiency
Analytical methods:TIA,ELISA,Nephelometry ,SRIDetc.

REFERENCES

[4115]

AUTHOR	:	Sharpe, C. R., Sidoli, A., Shelley, C. S., Lucero, M. A., Shoulders, C. C., and Baralle, F. E.
TITLE	:	Human apolipoproteins AI, AII, CII and CIII. cDNA sequences and mRNA abundance PubMed ID:6328445
JOURNAL	:	Nucleic Acids Res.
VOL	:	12 PAGE : 3917-3932 (1984)

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[4401]

AUTHOR	:	Sparrow, J. T., and Gotto, A. M., Jr.
TITLE	:	Phospholipid binding studies with synthetic apolipoprotein fragments PubMed ID:6772077
JOURNAL	:	Ann N Y Acad Sci.
VOL	:	348 PAGE : 187-211 (1980)

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[4402]

AUTHOR	:	Brown, W. V., Levy, R. I., and Fredrickson, D. S.
TITLE	:	Studies of the proteins in human plasma very low density lipoproteins PubMed ID:4981584
JOURNAL	:	J Biol Chem.
VOL	:	244 PAGE : 5687-5694 (1969)

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[4403]

AUTHOR	:	LaRosa, J. C., Levy, R. I., Herbert, P., Lux, S. E., and Fredrickson, D. S.
TITLE	:	A specific apoprotein activator for lipoprotein lipase PubMed ID:5459123
JOURNAL	:	Biochem Biophys Res Commun.
VOL	:	41 PAGE : 57-62 (1970)

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[4404]

AUTHOR	:	Eisenberg, S., and Rachmilewitz, D.
TITLE	:	Interaction of rat plasma very low density lipoprotein with lipoprotein lipase-rich (postheparin) plasma PubMed ID:170350
JOURNAL	:	J Lipid Res.
VOL	:	16 PAGE : 341-351 (1975)

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[4405]

AUTHOR	:	Wu, A. L., and Windmueller, H. G.
TITLE	:	Identification of circulating apolipoproteins synthesized by rat small intestine in vivo PubMed ID:632283
JOURNAL	:	J Biol Chem.
VOL	:	253 PAGE : 2525-2528 (1978)

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[4406]

AUTHOR	:	Yamamura, T., Sudo, H., Ishikawa, K., and Yamamoto, A.
TITLE	:	Familial type I hyperlipoproteinemia caused by apolipoprotein C-II deficiency PubMed ID:227429
JOURNAL	:	Atherosclerosis.
VOL	:	34 PAGE : 53-65 (1979)

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[4408]

AUTHOR	:	Jackson,R.L., and Holdsworth,G.(1986) Isolation and Characterization of Apolipoproteins C-I, C-II, C-III, in Methods in ENZYMOLOGY Vol.128 (Segrest J.P., and Albers J.J., eds), pp223-246, Academic Press, Inc.
TITLE	:
JOURNAL	:
VOL	:	PAGE : - ()

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