Wax

DATA No : WWA3101 INFORMANT : Ken-ichi Tomita

NAME : Ceresin

COMMON NAME	:	Ceresin/Purified Ozokerite (Ref. 0019) / (Ref. 0024)
SYMBOL	:
FORMULA	:	Mixture MOL.WT (average) :

BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY

Uses
Because ceresin has a high melting point, forms stable emulsions and is colorlss and odorless, it is used in such cosmetic products as lipsticks, creams and hair stick. As examples of other applications, it is used together with paraffin for mimeographpaper, shoe polish and lustering agents.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

MELTING POINT	:	Melting point 61-95C (Ref. 0019) (Method 2) (Ref. 0001)

BOILING POINT	:

REFRACTIVE INDEX	:

OPTICAL ROTATION	:

DENSITY	:

SOLUBILITY	:	Properties Ceresin occurs as colorless or white,crystalline masses, having a faint, characteristic odor and no taste.Ceresin has an external appearance and physical and chemical characteristics similar to paraffin, but its molecular weight,specific gravity, viscosity, hardness and melting point are higher 75C while Utah Wax often has a melting point around 90C. Ceresin is formed from needle shaped or short plate shaped microcrystals. It is soluble in carbon disulfide, petroleum ether, toluene, benzene and chloroform but only sparingly soluble in ethanol.(Ref. 0019>

SPECTRAL DATA

UV SPECTRA	:

IR SPECTRA	:	IR Spectrum [Spectrum 0043] (Ishiwata Katsumi Shiseido Research Center 1997 ) Infrared absorption spectrum measurement operation conditions, Equipment: Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer FTS-40 (Biorad Co., Ltd.) , Resolution: 8 cm^-¹, Integration factor: 64, Wave number range: 400cm^-¹-4000cm^-¹, Sample treatment: Potassium bromide tablets or liquid film.

NMR SPECTRA	:	¹²C-NMR Spectrum [Spectrum 0044] (Nishiya Hiroshi Shiseido Research Center 1993 ) ¹²C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry operation conditions, Equipment: JEOL-EX400 (Japan Electronics Co., Ltd. ), Standard substance: Tetramethylsilane (0.00 ppm ), Irradiation mode: ¹H full irradiation, Measurement temperature: 40C, Deuterium solvent: Deuterium chloroform.

MASS SPECTRA	:

OTHER SPECTRA	:

CHROMATOGRAM DATA

Gaschromatography
[Chromatograms 0015 / 0016] (Nakahara Kazuyoshi Shiseido Research Center 1997 )
Gas chromatography operation conditions, Equipment: Gas chromatograph 6980 ( Hewlett Packard ), Column: ULTRA ALLOY plus-1 ( HT ) ( Frontier Laboratories Ltd. ), Internal diameter: 0.50 mm, gas chromatograph capillary column joined to a 15 m long metal tube to produce a 0.50 mm thick film of dimethyl silicone as the liquid phase, Column temperature: maintain at 60

C for 2 minutes, then raise to 370

C at a rate of 20

C per minute and maintain at this temperature for 12.5 minutes, Detector: FID, 380

C, Injection temperature: 370

C, Injection volume: 1 ml, Carrier gas: He, 33 kpa, 10ml/min. (at 40

C ),Splitless: purge start time 2 min.,Sample solution: 1 % isopentane/ pyridine ( 9:1 ) solution or 1 % isopentane solution.

SOURCE

Origin : The name ceresin is formed from two latin words : cere which meaning ""beeswax ""and sin meaning ""without"". The name thus signifies that it is a waxy substance that is unlike beeswax.Ceresin is produced from ozocerite. The first ceresin which had commercial value was made by Pilt and Ujhelji in 1870 by first treating ozocerite with sulfuric acid and then refining it using activated charcoal. In addition to the substance made by refining ozocerite, ceresin sometimes refers to a mixture of paraffin and ozocerite and in Pharmacopoea Helvetica, ceresin is called paraffin.The major constituents of ceresin are isoparaffins corresponding to C_nH₂_n and some of them correspond to C_nH₂_n₊₂, e.g. Narcosan (C₂₉H₆₀), Cerosan (C₃₀H₆₂), Hentriacontan (C₃₇H₆₄ ), Dotriacontan (C₃₂H₆₆), Pentaacontan (C₃₅H₇₂), etc. (Ref. 0019)
A method of manufacture: Some of the major production areas for ozocerite are Galicia in southern Poland, around Lake Baikal in Russia and Utah and Texas in the United States. In these areas, ozocerite is found as irregular mineal veins or as a black mass in clay strata. After being dug out, the ozocerite is heated to melt it and any earth or rock is removed. If necessary, it is heated to 115-120

C to remove any moisture and then treated with sulfuric acid or fuming sulfuric acid. After neutralization, it is decolorized using activated charcoal or silica gel and filtered. If decolorizing is not sufficient, it is repeatedly treated with sulfuric acid and subjected to adsorption filtration to produce more refined ceresin. Continued to Metabolism

CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS

METABOLISM

Another mrthod of producing cersin involves dissolving ozocerite in ligroin, treating with activated clay and then removing the high boiling point fraction. Ceresin available on the market may be mixed with paraffin or a small amount of carnauba wax may be added to it to raise the melting point. (Ref. 0019)

GENETIC INFORMATION

NOTE

REFERENCES

[0001]

AUTHOR	:	The Japanese Standards of Cosmetic Ingredients Second Edition (1985) pp522-524, YAKUJI NIPPO, LTD.
TITLE	:
JOURNAL	:
VOL	:	PAGE : - ()

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[0019]

AUTHOR	:	The Japanese Standards of Cosmetic Ingredients Second Edition (Annotation) I (1984)pp650-652, YAKUJI NIPPO, LTD.
TITLE	:
JOURNAL	:
VOL	:	PAGE : - ()

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[0024]

AUTHOR	:	Tsuji, S., Tonogai, Y., Ito, Y., and Harada, M.
TITLE	:	General analysis of various natural waxes in cosmetics
JOURNAL	:	J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem. Jap.
VOL	:	192 PAGE : 79 -89 (1985)

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