Eicosanoid

DATA No : XPR2001 INFORMANT : Shouzo Yamamoto

NAME : 7-[3-(3(S)-Hydroxy-1(E)-octenyl)-1(S),5(S),4,6-dioxabicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-yl]-5(Z)-heptenoic acid

COMMON NAME	:	THROMBOXANE A2
SYMBOL	:	TXA2
FORMULA	:	C₂₀H₃₂O₅ MOL.WT (average) : 352.465

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BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY

Thromboxane A2 aggregates platelets and constricts blood vessels and bronchi (Ref. 0014). Thromboxane A2 binds to a specific recptor (TP) coupled to Gq protein (Ref. 0033).

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SOURCE

Thromboxane A2 is produced in platelets, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, macrophages, lung, kidney and spleen of various animals upon various biological stimulations (Ref. 0013).

CHEMICAL SYNTHESIS

METABOLISM

Prostaglandin H2 produced by the catalysis of cyclooxygenase is further metabolized to thrombaxne A2 by thromboxane synthaase. Thromboxane A2 is unstable (half life 30 sec) and its oxetane ring is hydrolyzed to hemiacetal thromboxane B2 (Ref. 0017). The major urinary metabolite of tromboxane B2 is 2,3-dinor-thromboxane B2 (Ref. 0031), and 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 is known as a suitble parameter for monitoring thromboxane production in human (Ref. 0032).

GENETIC INFORMATION

cDNA and genomic DNA for thromboxane A synthase (Ref. 0016) and those fro thromboxane A2 receptor (Ref. 0033) were cloned.

NOTE

Stability:unstable in water around neutrality with a half life of about 40 sec at 37

C and decomposes to TXB2 and 12-hydroxy-5,8,10-heptadecatrienoic acid(Ref. 0013).

REFERENCES

[0013]

AUTHOR	:	Moncada, S., and Vane, J. R.
TITLE	:	Pharmacology and endogenous roles of prostaglandin endoperoxides, thromboxane A2, and prostacyclin PubMed ID:116251
JOURNAL	:	Pharmacol Rev.
VOL	:	30 PAGE : 293-331 (1978)

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[0014]

AUTHOR	:	Whittle, B. J., and Moncada, S.
TITLE	:	Pharmacological interactions between prostacyclin and thromboxanes PubMed ID:6313114
JOURNAL	:	Br Med Bull.
VOL	:	39 PAGE : 232-238 (1983)

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[0016]

AUTHOR	:	Tanabe, T., and Ullrich, V.
TITLE	:	Prostacyclin and thromboxane synthases PubMed ID:8777569
JOURNAL	:	J Lipid Mediat Cell Signal.
VOL	:	12 PAGE : 243-255 (1995)

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[0017]

AUTHOR	:	Needleman, P., Turk, J., Jakschik, B. A., Morrison, A. R., and Lefkowith, J. B.
TITLE	:	Arachidonic acid metabolism PubMed ID:3017195
JOURNAL	:	Annu Rev Biochem.
VOL	:	55 PAGE : 69-102 (1986)

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[0031]

AUTHOR	:	Kindahl,H.
TITLE	:	Metabolism of thromboxane B2 in the cynomolgus monkey. PubMed ID:404670
JOURNAL	:	Prostaglandins
VOL	:	13 PAGE : 619 -629 (1997)

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[0032]

AUTHOR	:	Westlund, P., Granstrom, E., Kumlin, M., and Nordenstrom, A.
TITLE	:	Identification of 11-dehydro-TXB2 as a suitable parameter for monitoring thromboxane production in the human PubMed ID:3755250
JOURNAL	:	Prostaglandins.
VOL	:	31 PAGE : 929-960 (1986)

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[0033]

AUTHOR	:	Ushikubi, F., Hirata, M., and Narumiya, S.
TITLE	:	Molecular biology of prostanoid receptors; an overview PubMed ID:8777578
JOURNAL	:	J Lipid Mediat Cell Signal.
VOL	:	12 PAGE : 343-359 (1995)

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