Editor at 22:07, 15 June 2018

2018-06-15T22:07:09Z

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	;Major ~~composition~~		;Major components
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Created page with "{{Lipid/Header}} =Phosphatidylethanolamine= {{twocolumn| The phosphatidylethanolamines, or PEs, are second abundant phospholipids (next to PC) in animal and plant cells. In ..."

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{{Lipid/Header}}

=Phosphatidylethanolamine=

{{twocolumn|
The phosphatidylethanolamines, or PEs, are second abundant phospholipids (next to PC) in animal and plant cells. In bacteria, they are most abundant. Originally, PE were called cephalin.
|
ホスファチジルエタノールアミン（PE）は動物・植物細胞においてPCの次に主要なリン脂質、バクテリアの主要リン脂質です。昔はセファリンと呼ばれました。
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;Major composition
:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
! Structure !! ''sn''-1 !! ''sn''-2 !! Description
|-
| [[Image:LBGPE16_0-18_1.png|300px|link=LBGPE16:0-18:1]]
| palmitic acid (16:0) パルミチン酸 || oleic acid (18:1n-9) オレイン酸
| animal and plant cells in general 一般的な動物・植物細胞
|-
| [[Image:LBGPE16_0-18_2.png|300px|link=LBGPE16:0-18:2]]
| palmitic acid (16:0) パルミチン酸 || linoleic acid (18:2n-6) リノレン酸
| animal and plant cells in general 一般的な動物・植物細胞
|}

;Ether-type PE
{{twocolumn|
The ''sn''-1 position of PE can be ether form instead of the standard acyl form. The 1-alkylated chain has 16 or 18 carbons. Ether-type PEs are poorly represented in human except for bone marrow, lens, erythrocytes and platelets. Dialkylated forms are prevalent in archaea.
| PEの ''sn''-1 はエーテル結合の場合もあり、鎖長は16または18です。ヒトにおいては骨髄、水晶体、赤血球や血小板以外では殆んど含まれません。両方がアルキルのPEはアーキアに幅広くみられます。
}}

;Alkenyl-type PE
{{twocolumn|
The 1-alk-1′-enyl-2-acyl-PEs are called alkenylphosphatidylethanolamines (or plasmenylethanolamines). Together with plasmenylcholine forms, they are called plasmalogens and mainly localize in peroxysomes. Plasmenylethanolamines are rare in plants and bacteria, but they amount to almost half of all PEs in vertebrate nerve cells.
| 1-alkylでエーテル結合の隣に二重結合のあるPEは、アルケニルホスファチジルエタノールアミンまたはプラスメニルエタノールアミンと呼ばれます。プラスメニルコリンとあわせてプラズマローゲンと呼ばれ、多くがペロキシソームに局在します。植物やバクテリアには殆んど含まれませんが、脊椎動物の神経細胞では''sn''-2にアラキドン酸やDHAを含むアルケニル型がPEの半分を占めます。
}}

==Function==
;Endocannabinoid
{{twocolumn|
''N''-acylethanolamines are abundant in all plants, especially in seeds, and affect germination. In animals, anandamide (arachidonoyl ethanolamine) is generated from ''N''-acyl PEs and this compound can reduce appetite and modulate pain <ref>Clapper JR, Moreno-Sanz G et al. (2010) "Anandamide suppresses pain initiation through a peripheral endocannabinoid mechanism" Nat Neurosci. 13(10):1265 PMID 20852626</ref>.
|
''N''-アシルエタノールアミンは植物、特に種子に多く発芽に影響します。動物ではアラキドン酸がエタノールアミンにアシル化した内在性カンナビノイドであるアナンダミドが有名です。''N''-アシル PEより産生され、食欲減退や痛みの軽減等をひきおこします。
}}

;References
<references/>

Category:LBGPE - Revision history

Editor at 22:07, 15 June 2018

Editor: Created page with "{{Lipid/Header}} =Phosphatidylethanolamine= {{twocolumn| The phosphatidylethanolamines, or PEs, are second abundant phospholipids (next to PC) in animal and plant cells. In ..."