Category:LBSC - Revision history

Editor: /* Galactosylceramide (GalCer) */

2023-05-18T05:12:50Z

Galactosylceramide (GalCer)

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:12, 18 May 2023
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	GalCer has been observed in Eubacterial Domain, but not in Protozoa, Plant, or Fungi (except Ascomycota). It is widely observed in Animal Kingdom, but not in Ecdysozoa (cuticle-shedding animals) of Protostomia. Its ceramide structure differs widely as in GlcCer but not so complex as GlcCer in Plant and Fungi. GalCer is the basic structure for sulfatide (3-O-sulfogalactosylceramide or SM4) and Gala Series often found in Annelida (segmented worm). In Mammalia (of Deuterostomia), GalCer is major in the nerve tissue, especially myelin sheath, whose amido-linked fatty acids are hydroxylated at the C-2 position for more than 50%.		GalCer has been observed in Eubacterial Domain, but not in Protozoa, Plant, or Fungi (except Ascomycota). It is widely observed in Animal Kingdom, but not in Ecdysozoa (cuticle-shedding animals) of Protostomia. Its ceramide structure differs widely as in GlcCer but not so complex as GlcCer in Plant and Fungi. GalCer is the basic structure for sulfatide (3-O-sulfogalactosylceramide or SM4) and Gala Series often found in Annelida (segmented worm). In Mammalia (of Deuterostomia), GalCer is major in the nerve tissue, especially myelin sheath, whose amido-linked fatty acids are hydroxylated at the C-2 position for more than 50%.

	Krabbe disease (globoid cell leukodystrophy) is an inborn metabolic disorder in which a small amount of psychosine (galactosylsphingosine, i.e., the lyso form of GalCer) induces demyelination because of the deficiency of the enzyme galactosylceramidase <ref>Suzuki K. "Globoid cell leukodystrophy (Krabbe's disease): update" J Child Neurol. 2003;18:595-603.PMID 14572137, Suzuki K. "Evolving concept of the pathogenesis of globoid cell leukodystrophy (Krabbe disease)" Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci 2003; 79:1-8</ref>. α-GalCer, found from Porifera (marine sponge), in which galactose is α-bonded to ceramide (not the usual β-bond), uniquely binds to human or mouse NKT cells and is considered a potent anti-tumor agent.<ref>Kitamura H, Iwakabe K, Yahata T, Nishimura S, Ohta A, Ohmi Y, Sato M, Takeda K, Okumura K, Van Kaer L, Kawano T, Taniguchi M, Nishimura T. "The natural killer T (NKT) cell ligand alpha-galactosylceramide demonstrates its immunopotentiating effect by inducing interleukin (IL)-12 production by dendritic cells and IL-12 receptor expression on NKT cells" J Exp Med. 1999; 5;189(7):1121-8. PMID 10190903 </ref> Recently, α-linked GlcCer and GalCer were reported in NKT cells in trace amount<ref>Kain L et al. ~~<i>~~Immunity~~</i>~~ 41(4), 543-554, 2014</ref>.		Krabbe disease (globoid cell leukodystrophy) is an inborn metabolic disorder in which a small amount of psychosine (galactosylsphingosine, i.e., the lyso form of GalCer) induces demyelination because of the deficiency of the enzyme galactosylceramidase <ref>Suzuki K. "Globoid cell leukodystrophy (Krabbe's disease): update" J Child Neurol. 2003;18:595-603.PMID 14572137, Suzuki K. "Evolving concept of the pathogenesis of globoid cell leukodystrophy (Krabbe disease)" Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci 2003; 79:1-8</ref>. α-GalCer, found from Porifera (marine sponge), in which galactose is α-bonded to ceramide (not the usual β-bond), uniquely binds to human or mouse NKT cells and is considered a potent anti-tumor agent.<ref>Kitamura H, Iwakabe K, Yahata T, Nishimura S, Ohta A, Ohmi Y, Sato M, Takeda K, Okumura K, Van Kaer L, Kawano T, Taniguchi M, Nishimura T. "The natural killer T (NKT) cell ligand alpha-galactosylceramide demonstrates its immunopotentiating effect by inducing interleukin (IL)-12 production by dendritic cells and IL-12 receptor expression on NKT cells" J Exp Med. 1999; 5;189(7):1121-8. PMID 10190903 </ref> Recently, α-linked GlcCer and GalCer were reported in NKT cells in trace amount<ref>Kain L et al. "The Identification of the Endogenous Ligands of Natural Killer T Cells Reveals the Presence of Mammalian α-Linked Glycosylceramides" Immunity 41(4), 543-554, 2014 PMID 25367571</ref>.
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	'''GalCer'''は真正細菌に存在しますが、原生生物界、植物界、菌界（子嚢菌を除く）では報告がありません。動物界に広く分布しますが旧口動物である脱皮動物には確認されていません。セラミド構造は、GlcCerと同様に多様ですが、植物や菌類のGlcCerほど複雑ではありません。GalCerはスルファチド (3-O-硫酸化ガラクトシルセラミドまたはSM4) や環形動物門に多く含まれるガラ系列の基本構造です。		'''GalCer'''は真正細菌に存在しますが、原生生物界、植物界、菌界（子嚢菌を除く）では報告がありません。動物界に広く分布しますが旧口動物である脱皮動物には確認されていません。セラミド構造は、GlcCerと同様に多様ですが、植物や菌類のGlcCerほど複雑ではありません。GalCerはスルファチド (3-O-硫酸化ガラクトシルセラミドまたはSM4) や環形動物門に多く含まれるガラ系列の基本構造です。
	後口動物である哺乳綱では神経系、特にミエリン鞘にGalCerが多く含まれ、その脂肪酸の50%以上は、C2位が水酸化されています。		後口動物である哺乳綱では神経系、特にミエリン鞘にGalCerが多く含まれ、その脂肪酸の50%以上は、C2位が水酸化されています。

Editor: /* Galactosylceramide (GalCer) */

2023-05-18T05:11:20Z

Galactosylceramide (GalCer)

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:11, 18 May 2023
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	GalCer has been observed in Eubacterial Domain, but not in Protozoa, Plant, or Fungi (except Ascomycota). It is widely observed in Animal Kingdom, but not in Ecdysozoa (cuticle-shedding animals) of Protostomia. Its ceramide structure differs widely as in GlcCer but not so complex as GlcCer in Plant and Fungi. GalCer is the basic structure for sulfatide (3-O-sulfogalactosylceramide or SM4) and Gala Series often found in Annelida (segmented worm). In Mammalia (of Deuterostomia), GalCer is major in the nerve tissue, especially myelin sheath, whose amido-linked fatty acids are hydroxylated at the C-2 position for more than 50%.		GalCer has been observed in Eubacterial Domain, but not in Protozoa, Plant, or Fungi (except Ascomycota). It is widely observed in Animal Kingdom, but not in Ecdysozoa (cuticle-shedding animals) of Protostomia. Its ceramide structure differs widely as in GlcCer but not so complex as GlcCer in Plant and Fungi. GalCer is the basic structure for sulfatide (3-O-sulfogalactosylceramide or SM4) and Gala Series often found in Annelida (segmented worm). In Mammalia (of Deuterostomia), GalCer is major in the nerve tissue, especially myelin sheath, whose amido-linked fatty acids are hydroxylated at the C-2 position for more than 50%.

	Krabbe disease (globoid cell leukodystrophy) is an inborn metabolic disorder in which a small amount of psychosine (galactosylsphingosine, i.e., the lyso form of GalCer) induces demyelination because of the deficiency of the enzyme galactosylceramidase <ref>Suzuki K. "Globoid cell leukodystrophy (Krabbe's disease): update" J Child Neurol. 2003;18:595-603.PMID 14572137, Suzuki K. "Evolving concept of the pathogenesis of globoid cell leukodystrophy (Krabbe disease)" Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci 2003; 79:1-8</ref>. α-GalCer, found from Porifera (marine sponge), in which galactose is α-bonded to ceramide (not the usual β-bond), uniquely binds to human or mouse NKT cells and is considered a potent anti-tumor agent.<ref>Kitamura H, Iwakabe K, Yahata T, Nishimura S, Ohta A, Ohmi Y, Sato M, Takeda K, Okumura K, Van Kaer L, Kawano T, Taniguchi M, Nishimura T. "The natural killer T (NKT) cell ligand alpha-galactosylceramide demonstrates its immunopotentiating effect by inducing interleukin (IL)-12 production by dendritic cells and IL-12 receptor expression on NKT cells" J Exp Med. 1999; 5;189(7):1121-8. PMID 10190903 </ref>		Krabbe disease (globoid cell leukodystrophy) is an inborn metabolic disorder in which a small amount of psychosine (galactosylsphingosine, i.e., the lyso form of GalCer) induces demyelination because of the deficiency of the enzyme galactosylceramidase <ref>Suzuki K. "Globoid cell leukodystrophy (Krabbe's disease): update" J Child Neurol. 2003;18:595-603.PMID 14572137, Suzuki K. "Evolving concept of the pathogenesis of globoid cell leukodystrophy (Krabbe disease)" Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci 2003; 79:1-8</ref>. α-GalCer, found from Porifera (marine sponge), in which galactose is α-bonded to ceramide (not the usual β-bond), uniquely binds to human or mouse NKT cells and is considered a potent anti-tumor agent.<ref>Kitamura H, Iwakabe K, Yahata T, Nishimura S, Ohta A, Ohmi Y, Sato M, Takeda K, Okumura K, Van Kaer L, Kawano T, Taniguchi M, Nishimura T. "The natural killer T (NKT) cell ligand alpha-galactosylceramide demonstrates its immunopotentiating effect by inducing interleukin (IL)-12 production by dendritic cells and IL-12 receptor expression on NKT cells" J Exp Med. 1999; 5;189(7):1121-8. PMID 10190903 </ref> Recently, α-linked GlcCer and GalCer were reported in NKT cells in trace amount<ref>Kain L et al. <i>Immunity</i> 41(4), 543-554, 2014</ref>.
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	'''GalCer'''は真正細菌に存在しますが、原生生物界、植物界、菌界（子嚢菌を除く）では報告がありません。動物界に広く分布しますが旧口動物である脱皮動物には確認されていません。セラミド構造は、GlcCerと同様に多様ですが、植物や菌類のGlcCerほど複雑ではありません。GalCerはスルファチド (3-O-硫酸化ガラクトシルセラミドまたはSM4) や環形動物門に多く含まれるガラ系列の基本構造です。		'''GalCer'''は真正細菌に存在しますが、原生生物界、植物界、菌界（子嚢菌を除く）では報告がありません。動物界に広く分布しますが旧口動物である脱皮動物には確認されていません。セラミド構造は、GlcCerと同様に多様ですが、植物や菌類のGlcCerほど複雑ではありません。GalCerはスルファチド (3-O-硫酸化ガラクトシルセラミドまたはSM4) や環形動物門に多く含まれるガラ系列の基本構造です。
	後口動物である哺乳綱では神経系、特にミエリン鞘にGalCerが多く含まれ、その脂肪酸の50%以上は、C2位が水酸化されています。		後口動物である哺乳綱では神経系、特にミエリン鞘にGalCerが多く含まれ、その脂肪酸の50%以上は、C2位が水酸化されています。

	クラッベ病（グロボイド細胞ロイコジストロフィー; GLD）はガラクトシルセラミダーゼの欠損により微量のサイコシン（ガラクトシルスフィンゴシン、つまり GalCer のリゾ体）が蓄積して脱髄（ミエリンの破壊）を起こす遺伝性疾患です。また、海綿動物門に発見されたα-GalCerは、ガラクトースがセラミドに（通常のβでなく）α~~結合しており、ヒトやマウスのNKT細胞に特異的に結合し抗腫瘍効果がみられます。~~		クラッベ病（グロボイド細胞ロイコジストロフィー; GLD）はガラクトシルセラミダーゼの欠損により微量のサイコシン（ガラクトシルスフィンゴシン、つまり GalCer のリゾ体）が蓄積して脱髄（ミエリンの破壊）を起こす遺伝性疾患です。また、海綿動物門に発見されたα-GalCerは、ガラクトースがセラミドに（通常のβでなく）α結合しており、ヒトやマウスのナチュラルキラーT (NKT) 細胞に特異的に結合し抗腫瘍効果がみられます。α結合型の GlcCer および GalCer はNKT細胞に微量に存在します。
	}}		}}

Editor at 05:06, 18 May 2023

2023-05-18T05:06:37Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:06, 18 May 2023
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	{{Twocolumn\|		{{Twocolumn\|
	Monoglycosylceramides (or cerebrosides) are glycosphingolipids where a single sugar is attached to the ceramide structure. Especially, glucopyranose-attached Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) and galactopyranose-attached Galactosylceramide (GalCer) are widely observed in all kingdoms~~. Recently, α-linked GlcCer and GalCer were reported in mammalian natural killer T cells in trace amount<ref>Kain L et al. <i>Immunity</i> 41(4), 543-554, 2014</ref>~~.		Monoglycosylceramides (or cerebrosides) are glycosphingolipids where a single sugar is attached to the ceramide structure. Especially, glucopyranose-attached Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) and galactopyranose-attached Galactosylceramide (GalCer) are widely observed in all kingdoms.
	GlcCer and GalCer are not registered in LipidBank. Instead, we summarize their distribution with bibliographic references with species information.		GlcCer and GalCer are not registered in LipidBank. Instead, we summarize their distribution with bibliographic references with species information.

	~~<references/>~~
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	モノグリコシルセラミド (またはセレブロシド) はセラミドに糖が1個エステル結合したスフィンゴ糖脂質です。特にグルコース（ピラノース型）がβ結合したグルコシルセラミド (GlcCer) とガラクトース（ピラノース型）がβ結合したガラクトシルセラミド (GalCer) は生物界に広く分布します。データベース中には掲載せず、ここに解説と生物種ごとの報告例を掲載します。		モノグリコシルセラミド (またはセレブロシド) はセラミドに糖が1個エステル結合したスフィンゴ糖脂質です。特にグルコース（ピラノース型）がβ結合したグルコシルセラミド (GlcCer) とガラクトース（ピラノース型）がβ結合したガラクトシルセラミド (GalCer) は生物界に広く分布します。データベース中には掲載せず、ここに解説と生物種ごとの報告例を掲載します。

Editor: /* Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) */

2023-05-18T05:04:42Z

Glucosylceramide (GlcCer)

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:04, 18 May 2023
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	Gaucher's disease is an inborn metabolic disorder in which GlcCer accumulates in the liver and spleen because of the deficiency of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase to dissociate glucose from the ceramide structure <ref> Brady RO, Kanfer JN, Shapiro D. "Metabolism of glucocerebrosides. II. Evidence of an enzymatic deficiency in Gaucher's desease" Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1965;18:221-5 PMID 14282020 </ref>.		Gaucher's disease is an inborn metabolic disorder in which GlcCer accumulates in the liver and spleen because of the deficiency of the enzyme glucocerebrosidase to dissociate glucose from the ceramide structure <ref> Brady RO, Kanfer JN, Shapiro D. "Metabolism of glucocerebrosides. II. Evidence of an enzymatic deficiency in Gaucher's desease" Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1965;18:221-5 PMID 14282020 </ref>.
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	'''GlcCer'''は系統発生的にみると動物の各組織に広く分布するだけでなく、植物界や菌界、原生生物界にも含まれます。セラミド構造（炭化水素の鎖長、二重結合の数と位置、水酸基の有無、修飾基の有無など）の組み合わせは多岐にわたり、特に植物界や菌界、旧口動物のセラミドは複雑です。動物界において、GlcCerはさまざまな糖鎖を持つ糖脂質の基本構造になり、グロボ系列、ラクト系列、ガングリオ系列などが生成されます。旧口（前口）動物の神経系にはGlcCerが多く含まれ（例えばエビ）、セラミド骨格の脂肪酸に水酸基を含みません。対して、植物は α-水酸化の脂肪酸が多く、耐冷性植物の一部からは ω9-~~不飽和の脂肪酸も見だされています。後口動物の哺乳綱において、GlcCerは、脾臓、血液、皮膚などに多く含まれます。~~		'''GlcCer'''は系統発生的にみると動物の各組織に広く分布するだけでなく、植物界や菌界、原生生物界にも含まれます。セラミド構造（炭化水素の鎖長、二重結合の数と位置、水酸基の有無、修飾基の有無など）の組み合わせは多岐にわたり、特に植物界や菌界、旧口動物のセラミドは複雑です。動物界において、GlcCerはさまざまな糖鎖を持つ糖脂質の基本構造になり、グロボ系列、ラクト系列、ガングリオ系列などが生成されます。旧口（前口）動物の神経系にはGlcCerが多く含まれ（例えばエビ）、セラミド骨格の脂肪酸に水酸基を含みません。対して、植物は α-水酸化の脂肪酸が多く、耐冷性植物の一部からは ω9-不飽和の脂肪酸も見いだされます。後口動物の哺乳綱において、GlcCerは、脾臓、血液、皮膚などに多く含まれます。

	先天性代謝異常症であるゴーシェ (Gaucher) 病は、GlcCerを分解するグルコセレブロシダーゼが欠損し、肝臓や脾臓にGlcCerが蓄積して発症します。		先天性代謝異常症であるゴーシェ (Gaucher) 病は、GlcCerを分解するグルコセレブロシダーゼが欠損し、肝臓や脾臓にGlcCerが蓄積して発症します。

Editor at 05:01, 18 May 2023

2023-05-18T05:01:02Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:01, 18 May 2023
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	{{Twocolumn\|		{{Twocolumn\|
	Monoglycosylceramides (or cerebrosides) are glycosphingolipids where a single sugar is attached to the ceramide structure. Especially, glucopyranose-attached Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) and galactopyranose-attached Galactosylceramide (GalCer) are widely observed in all kingdoms. ~~These ubiquitous molecules~~ are not registered in LipidBank. Instead, we summarize their distribution with bibliographic references with species information.		Monoglycosylceramides (or cerebrosides) are glycosphingolipids where a single sugar is attached to the ceramide structure. Especially, glucopyranose-attached Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) and galactopyranose-attached Galactosylceramide (GalCer) are widely observed in all kingdoms. Recently, α-linked GlcCer and GalCer were reported in mammalian natural killer T cells in trace amount<ref>Kain L et al. <i>Immunity</i> 41(4), 543-554, 2014</ref>.
			GlcCer and GalCer are not registered in LipidBank. Instead, we summarize their distribution with bibliographic references with species information.

			<references/>
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	モノグリコシルセラミド (またはセレブロシド) はセラミドに糖が1個エステル結合したスフィンゴ糖脂質です。特にグルコース（ピラノース型）がβ結合したグルコシルセラミド (GlcCer) とガラクトース（ピラノース型）がβ結合したガラクトシルセラミド (GalCer) は生物界に広く分布します。データベース中には掲載せず、ここに解説と生物種ごとの報告例を掲載します。		モノグリコシルセラミド (またはセレブロシド) はセラミドに糖が1個エステル結合したスフィンゴ糖脂質です。特にグルコース（ピラノース型）がβ結合したグルコシルセラミド (GlcCer) とガラクトース（ピラノース型）がβ結合したガラクトシルセラミド (GalCer) は生物界に広く分布します。データベース中には掲載せず、ここに解説と生物種ごとの報告例を掲載します。

Editor at 04:54, 18 May 2023

2023-05-18T04:54:24Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:54, 18 May 2023
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	Monoglycosylceramides (or cerebrosides) are glycosphingolipids where a single sugar is attached to the ceramide structure. Especially, glucopyranose-attached Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) and galactopyranose-attached Galactosylceramide (GalCer) are widely observed in all kingdoms. These ubiquitous molecules are not registered in LipidBank. Instead, we summarize their distribution with bibliographic references with species information.		Monoglycosylceramides (or cerebrosides) are glycosphingolipids where a single sugar is attached to the ceramide structure. Especially, glucopyranose-attached Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) and galactopyranose-attached Galactosylceramide (GalCer) are widely observed in all kingdoms. These ubiquitous molecules are not registered in LipidBank. Instead, we summarize their distribution with bibliographic references with species information.
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	モノグリコシルセラミド (またはセレブロシド) はセラミドに糖が1個エステル結合したスフィンゴ糖脂質です。特にグルコース（ピラノース型）が&~~eta~~;結合したグルコシルセラミド (GlcCer) とガラクトース（ピラノース型）が&~~eta~~;結合したガラクトシルセラミド (GalCer) は生物界に広く分布します。データベース中には掲載せず、ここに解説と生物種ごとの報告例を掲載します。		モノグリコシルセラミド (またはセレブロシド) はセラミドに糖が1個エステル結合したスフィンゴ糖脂質です。特にグルコース（ピラノース型）がβ結合したグルコシルセラミド (GlcCer) とガラクトース（ピラノース型）がβ結合したガラクトシルセラミド (GalCer) は生物界に広く分布します。データベース中には掲載せず、ここに解説と生物種ごとの報告例を掲載します。
	}}		}}
	\|}		\|}

Editor at 04:53, 18 May 2023

2023-05-18T04:53:13Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:53, 18 May 2023
Line 10:		Line 10:
	Monoglycosylceramides (or cerebrosides) are glycosphingolipids where a single sugar is attached to the ceramide structure. Especially, glucopyranose-attached Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) and galactopyranose-attached Galactosylceramide (GalCer) are widely observed in all kingdoms. These ubiquitous molecules are not registered in LipidBank. Instead, we summarize their distribution with bibliographic references with species information.		Monoglycosylceramides (or cerebrosides) are glycosphingolipids where a single sugar is attached to the ceramide structure. Especially, glucopyranose-attached Glucosylceramide (GlcCer) and galactopyranose-attached Galactosylceramide (GalCer) are widely observed in all kingdoms. These ubiquitous molecules are not registered in LipidBank. Instead, we summarize their distribution with bibliographic references with species information.
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	モノグリコシルセラミド (またはセレブロシド) ~~はセラミドに糖が1個エステル結合したスフィンゴ糖脂質です。特にグルコース（ピラノース型）が結合したグルコシルセラミド~~ (GlcCer) ~~とガラクトース（ピラノース型）が結合したガラクトシルセラミド~~ (GalCer) ~~は生物界に広く分布するので、データベース中には掲載せず、ここに解説と生物種ごとの報告例を掲載します。~~		モノグリコシルセラミド (またはセレブロシド) はセラミドに糖が1個エステル結合したスフィンゴ糖脂質です。特にグルコース（ピラノース型）がη結合したグルコシルセラミド (GlcCer) とガラクトース（ピラノース型）がη結合したガラクトシルセラミド (GalCer) は生物界に広く分布します。データベース中には掲載せず、ここに解説と生物種ごとの報告例を掲載します。
	}}		}}
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Yasugi: /* Cerebrosides in All Kingdoms */

2022-08-15T05:50:30Z

Cerebrosides in All Kingdoms

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	==~~Cerebrosides~~ in All Kingdoms==		==Sphingolipids in All Kingdoms==

	{{:Category:ScientificClassification/LBSC}}		{{:Category:ScientificClassification/LBSC}}

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	{{Hierarchy\|{{PAGENAME}}}}		{{Hierarchy\|{{PAGENAME}}}}
	{\|		{\|
	\|{{LBS/Cer\|O-~~Glc~~}} <b>GlcCer</b>		\|{{LBS/Cer\|O-<b>Glucose</b>}} <b>GlcCer</b>
	\|{{LBS/Cer\|O-~~Gal~~}} <b>GalCer</b>		\|{{LBS/Cer\|O-<b>Galactose</b>}} <b>GalCer</b>
	\|-		\|-
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			<font size="+2">Cerebroside</font>
	{{LB/Header}}		{{LB/Header}}
	{{Hierarchy\|{{PAGENAME}}}}		{{Hierarchy\|{{PAGENAME}}}}

	~~<font size="+2">Cerebroside</font>~~
	{\|		{\|
	\|{{LBS/Cer\|O-Glc}} <b>GlcCer</b>		\|{{LBS/Cer\|O-Glc}} <b>GlcCer</b>

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	{{Hierarchy\|{{PAGENAME}}}}		{{Hierarchy\|{{PAGENAME}}}}
	{\|		{\|
	\|{{LBS/Cer\|O-~~Glc~~}} <b>GlcCer</b>		\|{{LBS/Cer\|O-<b>Glucose</b>}} <b>GlcCer</b>
	\|{{LBS/Cer\|O-~~Gal~~}} <b>GalCer</b>		\|{{LBS/Cer\|O-<b>Galactose</b>}} <b>GalCer</b>
	\|-		\|-
	\|colspan=2\|		\|colspan=2\|