Category:LBSG - Revision history

Editor: /* Svennerholm Notation スヴェンネルホルム表記 */

2023-12-02T12:31:05Z

Svennerholm Notation スヴェンネルホルム表記

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:31, 2 December 2023
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	{{Twocolumn\|		{{Twocolumn\|
	The notation was proposed by the Swedish scientist, Lars Svennerholm. Each alpha-numeric digit stands for the number of sialic acids or sugars.		The often-used notation for ganglioside was proposed by the Swedish scientist, Lars Svennerholm. Each alpha-numeric digit stands for the number of sialic acids or sugars.
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	~~スウェーデンの科学者~~ Lars Svennerholm ~~が導入した記法です。各桁の数字やアルファベットはシアル酸の数や糖の数を意味します。~~		ガングリオシドの略称には、スウェーデンの科学者 Lars Svennerholm が導入した記法がよく使われます。各桁の数字やアルファベットはシアル酸の数や糖の数を意味します。
	}}		}}

Editor: /* Acidic Modifiers 酸性基 */

2023-12-01T06:13:19Z

Acidic Modifiers 酸性基

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:13, 1 December 2023
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	* deamino neuraminic acid (Kdn: 3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-nonulosonic acid)		* deamino neuraminic acid (Kdn: 3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-nonulosonic acid)

	NeuGc is different from NecAc only by a single oxygen, ~~and~~ is ~~produced~~ by N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH). This gene is generally conserved among ~~vertebrates~~ but human, sauropsids (birds and reptiles), and monotreme lack this gene <ref>Irie A, Koyama S, Kozutsumi Y, et al. "The molecular basis for the absence of N-glycolylneuraminic acid in humans" J Biol Chem 273:15866–15871, 1998 PMID 9624188</ref><ref>Schauer R, Srinivasan GV, Coddeville B, et al. "Low incidence of N-glycolylneuraminic acid in birds and reptiles and its absence in the platypus" Carbohydr Res 344:1494–1500, 2009 PMID 19541293</ref> (therefore no NeuGc). Kdn is prominent in some fish but not in mammals.		NeuGc is different from NecAc only by a single oxygen. After NeuAc is bound to cytidine monophosphate (CMP), CMP-NeuAc is converted by N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) to CMP-NeuGc. This gene is generally conserved among mammals but human, sauropsids (birds and reptiles), and monotreme lack this gene <ref>Irie A, Koyama S, Kozutsumi Y, et al. "The molecular basis for the absence of N-glycolylneuraminic acid in humans" J Biol Chem 273:15866–15871, 1998 PMID 9624188</ref><ref>Schauer R, Srinivasan GV, Coddeville B, et al. "Low incidence of N-glycolylneuraminic acid in birds and reptiles and its absence in the platypus" Carbohydr Res 344:1494–1500, 2009 PMID 19541293</ref> (therefore no NeuGc). Kdn is prominent in some fish but not in mammals.
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	シアル酸は、ノイラミン酸（5-アミノ-3,5-ジデオキシ-D-グリセロ-D-ガラクト-ノヌロン酸）に由来する物質の総称です。		シアル酸は、ノイラミン酸（5-アミノ-3,5-ジデオキシ-D-グリセロ-D-ガラクト-ノヌロン酸）に由来する物質の総称です。
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	* デアミノノイラミン酸 (Kdn)		* デアミノノイラミン酸 (Kdn)

	~~NeuGcはNeuAcは酸素原子一つしか違わず、N~~-アセチルノイラミン酸ヒドロキシラーゼ（CMAH)により生成されます。この遺伝子は脊椎動物に保存されていますが、ヒト、鳥類、爬虫類、単孔類は欠損しています（つまりNeuGcを持たない）。Kdnは魚類に知られていますが哺乳類には殆どありません。		NeuGcはNeuAcは酸素原子一つしか違いません。シチジンモノホスホ-Neu5Acを基質として、シチジンN-アセチルノイラミン酸ヒドロキシラーゼ（CMAH)によりCMP-NeuGcが生成されます。この遺伝子は哺乳類に保存されていますが、ヒト、鳥類、爬虫類、単孔類は欠損しています（つまりNeuGcを持たない）。Kdnは魚類に知られていますが哺乳類には殆どありません。
	}}		}}

Dbmanager: /* Acidic Modifiers 酸性基 */

2019-01-22T05:36:16Z

Acidic Modifiers 酸性基

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:36, 22 January 2019
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	Derivatives include the followings for the above three types.<ref>Angata T, Varki A "Chemical diversity in the sialic acids and related alpha-keto acids: an evolutionary perspective" Chem Rev 102(2):439-469, 2002 PMID 11841250</ref>		Derivatives include the followings for the above three types.<ref>Angata T, Varki A "Chemical diversity in the sialic acids and related alpha-keto acids: an evolutionary perspective" Chem Rev 102(2):439-469, 2002 PMID 11841250</ref>
	Such modifications are tissue- and organelle-specific.<ref>Butor C, Diaz S, Varki A "High level O-acetylation of sialic acids on N-linked oligosaccharides of rat liver membranes. Differential subcellular distribution of 7- and 9-O-acetyl groups and of enzymes involved in their regulation" J Biol Chem 268(14):10197-10206, 1993 PMID 8486687</ref>		Such modifications are tissue- and organelle-specific.<ref>Butor C, Diaz S, Varki A "High level O-acetylation of sialic acids on N-linked oligosaccharides of rat liver membranes. Differential subcellular distribution of 7- and 9-O-acetyl groups and of enzymes involved in their regulation" J Biol Chem 268(14):10197-10206, 1993 PMID 8486687</ref>
	* 8-O-methylation, 8-O-~~sulfation~~		* 8-O-methylation, 9-O-methylation
	* 9-O-~~phosphorylation~~		* 4-O-sulfation, 8-O-sulfation
	* ~~single or multiple~~ O-acetylation on the hydroxyl groups at C4~~, C5~~, C7~~, C8~~, and~~/or~~ C9		* O-acetylation on the hydroxyl groups at C4, C7, and C9
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	誘導体には、上記の 3 構造全てにおいて以下が挙げられます。修飾は臓器や細胞小器官特異的におこなわれます。		誘導体には、上記の 3 構造全てにおいて以下が挙げられます。修飾は臓器や細胞小器官特異的におこなわれます。
	* 8-O-~~メチル化、8~~-O-~~硫酸化~~		* 8-O-メチル化、9-O-メチル化
	* 9-O-~~リン酸化~~		* 4-O-硫酸化、8-O-硫酸化
	* C4~~, C5~~, C7~~, C8, かつ・または~~ C9 における O-アセチル化		* C4, C7 または C9 における O-アセチル化
	}}		}}

Editor at 01:28, 18 January 2019

2019-01-18T01:28:32Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:28, 18 January 2019
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	<references/>		<references/>

	==Acidic Modifiers ~~酸性修飾基~~==		==Acidic Modifiers 酸性基==


	===Sialic acid シアル酸===		===Sialic acid シアル酸===

Editor at 01:27, 18 January 2019

2019-01-18T01:27:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:27, 18 January 2019
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	<references/>		<references/>

	==~~酸性糖脂質を構成する修飾基~~==		==Acidic Modifiers 酸性修飾基==

	===Sialic acid シアル酸===		===Sialic acid シアル酸===

Editor at 01:25, 18 January 2019

2019-01-18T01:25:46Z

Show changes

Editor: /* Sialic acid シアル酸 */

2019-01-18T01:18:38Z

Sialic acid シアル酸

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:18, 18 January 2019
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	Such modifications are tissue- and organelle-specific.<ref>Butor C, Diaz S, Varki A "High level O-acetylation of sialic acids on N-linked oligosaccharides of rat liver membranes. Differential subcellular distribution of 7- and 9-O-acetyl groups and of enzymes involved in their regulation" J Biol Chem 268(14):10197-10206, 1993 PMID 8486687</ref>		Such modifications are tissue- and organelle-specific.<ref>Butor C, Diaz S, Varki A "High level O-acetylation of sialic acids on N-linked oligosaccharides of rat liver membranes. Differential subcellular distribution of 7- and 9-O-acetyl groups and of enzymes involved in their regulation" J Biol Chem 268(14):10197-10206, 1993 PMID 8486687</ref>
	* 8-O-methylation, 8-O-sulfation		* 8-O-methylation, 8-O-sulfation
	* ~~9-O-lactylation,~~ 9-O-phosphorylation		* 9-O-phosphorylation
	* single or multiple O-acetylation on the hydroxyl groups at C4, C5, C7, C8, and/or C9		* single or multiple O-acetylation on the hydroxyl groups at C4, C5, C7, C8, and/or C9
	\|		\|
	誘導体には、上記の 3 構造全てにおいて以下が挙げられます。修飾は臓器や細胞小器官特異的におこなわれます。		誘導体には、上記の 3 構造全てにおいて以下が挙げられます。修飾は臓器や細胞小器官特異的におこなわれます。
	* 8-O-メチル化、8-O-硫酸化		* 8-O-メチル化、8-O-硫酸化
	* 9-O-~~メチル化、9-O-硫酸化~~		* 9-O-リン酸化
	* C4, C5, C7, C8, かつ・または C9 における O-アセチル化		* C4, C5, C7, C8, かつ・または C9 における O-アセチル化
	}}		}}

Editor at 01:17, 18 January 2019

2019-01-18T01:17:41Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:17, 18 January 2019
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	<font size="+2">Glycosphingolipid</font>		<font size="+2">Acidic Glycosphingolipid</font>
	{{LB/Header}}		{{LB/Header}}
	{{Hierarchy\|{{PAGENAME}}}}		{{Hierarchy\|{{PAGENAME}}}}

Editor: /* Sialic acid シアル酸 */

2018-03-04T03:03:53Z

Sialic acid シアル酸

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:03, 4 March 2018
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	Sialic acid is a collective noun and comprises a family of derivatives of neuraminic acid (5-amino- 3,5-dideoxy- D-glycero- D-galacto- nonulosonic acid)<ref>Schauer R "Sialic Acids - Chemistry, Metabolism and Function" Springer-Verlag, 1982.ISBN 978-3-7091-8680-0 </ref>.		Sialic acid is a collective noun and comprises a family of derivatives of neuraminic acid (5-amino- 3,5-dideoxy- D-glycero- D-galacto- nonulosonic acid)<ref>Schauer R "Sialic Acids - Chemistry, Metabolism and Function" Springer-Verlag, 1982.ISBN 978-3-7091-8680-0 </ref>.
	Nowadays, there are over 30 derivatives of neuraminic acid, including the followings.		Nowadays, there are over 30 derivatives of neuraminic acid, including the followings.
			* N-acetyl neuraminic acid (NeuAc)
			* N-glycolyl neuraminic acid (NeuGc)
			* deamino neuraminic acid (Kdn: 3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-nonulosonic acid)

			NeuGc is different from NecAc only by a single oxygen, and is produced by N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH). This gene is generally conserved among vertebrates but human, sauropsids (birds and reptiles), and monotreme lack this gene <ref>Irie A, Koyama S, Kozutsumi Y, et al. "The molecular basis for the absence of N-glycolylneuraminic acid in humans" J Biol Chem 273:15866–15871, 1998 PMID 9624188</ref><ref>Schauer R, Srinivasan GV, Coddeville B, et al. "Low incidence of N-glycolylneuraminic acid in birds and reptiles and its absence in the platypus" Carbohydr Res 344:1494–1500, 2009 PMID 19541293</ref> (therefore no NeuGc). Kdn is prominent in some fish but not in mammals.
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	シアル酸は、ノイラミン酸（5-アミノ-3,5-ジデオキシ-D-グリセロ-D-ガラクト-ノヌロン酸）に由来する物質の総称です。		シアル酸は、ノイラミン酸（5-アミノ-3,5-ジデオキシ-D-グリセロ-D-ガラクト-ノヌロン酸）に由来する物質の総称です。
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	* N-アセチルノイラミン酸 (NeuAc)		* N-アセチルノイラミン酸 (NeuAc)
	* N-グリコリルノイラミン酸 (NeuGc)		* N-グリコリルノイラミン酸 (NeuGc)
	* デアミノノイラミン酸 (~~KDN: 3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto~~-~~nonulosonic acid~~)		* デアミノノイラミン酸 (Kdn)

			NeuGcはNeuAcは酸素原子一つしか違わず、N-アセチルノイラミン酸ヒドロキシラーゼ（CMAH)により生成されます。この遺伝子は脊椎動物に保存されていますが、ヒト、鳥類、爬虫類、単孔類は欠損しています（つまりNeuGcを持たない）。Kdnは魚類に知られていますが哺乳類には殆どありません。
	}}		}}

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	<td> N-acetyl neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) </td>		<td> N-acetyl neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) </td>
	<td> N-glycolyl neuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) </td>		<td> N-glycolyl neuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) </td>
	<td> deamino neuraminic acid~~<br/>~~(~~KDN: 3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-nonulosonic acid~~) </td>		<td> deamino neuraminic acid (Kdn)</td>
	</tr>		</tr>
	<tr>		<tr>

Editor: /* Sialic acid シアル酸 */

2018-03-04T02:00:31Z

Sialic acid シアル酸

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:00, 4 March 2018
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	{{Twocolumn\|		{{Twocolumn\|
	Derivatives include		Derivatives include the followings for the above three types.<ref>Angata T, Varki A "Chemical diversity in the sialic acids and related alpha-keto acids: an evolutionary perspective" Chem Rev 102(2):439-469, 2002 PMID 11841250</ref>
			Such modifications are tissue- and organelle-specific.<ref>Butor C, Diaz S, Varki A "High level O-acetylation of sialic acids on N-linked oligosaccharides of rat liver membranes. Differential subcellular distribution of 7- and 9-O-acetyl groups and of enzymes involved in their regulation" J Biol Chem 268(14):10197-10206, 1993 PMID 8486687</ref>
	* 8-O-methylation, 8-O-sulfation		* 8-O-methylation, 8-O-sulfation
	* 9-O-lactylation, 9-O-phosphorylation		* 9-O-lactylation, 9-O-phosphorylation
	* single or multiple O-acetylation on the hydroxyl groups at C4, C5, C7, C8, and/or C9		* single or multiple O-acetylation on the hydroxyl groups at C4, C5, C7, C8, and/or C9
	~~for the above three types.<ref>Angata T, Varki A "Chemical diversity in the sialic acids and related alpha-keto acids: an evolutionary perspective" Chem Rev 102(2):439-469, 2002 PMID 11841250</ref>~~
	Such modifications are tissue- and organelle-specific.<ref>Butor C, Diaz S, Varki A "High level O-acetylation of sialic acids on N-linked oligosaccharides of rat liver membranes. Differential subcellular distribution of 7- and 9-O-acetyl groups and of enzymes involved in their regulation" J Biol Chem 268(14):10197-10206, 1993 PMID 8486687</ref>
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	誘導体には、上記の 3 構造全てにおいて以下が挙げられます。修飾は臓器や細胞小器官特異的におこなわれます。		誘導体には、上記の 3 構造全てにおいて以下が挙げられます。修飾は臓器や細胞小器官特異的におこなわれます。