Category:ScientificClassification/LBSC 190522

Revision as of 00:31, 6 August 2019 by Yoshimoto (talk | contribs)

The table lists biological species from which sphingolipids were identified. Icons indicate representative species. The icons are used in sphingolipid references together with Synthesis.png for chemical synthesis.

ここに示す分類表にはスフィンゴ脂質が報告された生物が記載されており、アイコンは代表種を表します。スフィンゴ脂質関連の文献にはこれらのアイコンの他、化学合成を表すSynthesis.pngも使われます。

Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Model organism Icon Galactosylceramides (GalCer)
(*β configuration unless otherwise state)
Glucosylceramides (GlcCer)
(*β configuration unless otherwise state)
Glycosphingolipids (GSL) Ceramide phosphoethanolamine (CPE) Sphingomyelin (SM) Ceramide aminoethylphosphonate (CAEP) Ceramide methylaminoethylphosphonate (CMAEP) Glycosyl inositol phosphoceramides (GIPC)
ドメイン モデル生物 Species
(Structure)
FA, LCB References Species
(Structure)
FA, LCB References Species
(Structure)
FA, LCB References Major series Species
(Structure)
FA, LCB References Species
(Structure)
FA, LCB References Species
(Structure)
FA, LCB References Species
(Structure)
FA, LCB References Species
(Structure)
FA, LCB References
真正細菌
Bacteria
バクテロイデス門
Bacteroidetes
腸内細菌 Bacteria.png Bacteroides
fragilis
(α-GalCer)
br-h17:0,br-d17:0 PubMed Bacteroides
fragilis
br-h17:0,br-d17:0 PubMed
シアノバクテリア門
Cyanobacteria
藍色細菌 Scytonema
julianum
(Aacety-
lsphingomyelin)
15:1,d18:1 PubMed
プロテオバクテリア門
Proteobacteria
大腸菌 Cystobacter
fuscus
(β-GalCer)
br-h17:0,br-d19:1 DOI Sphingomonas
paucimobilis
(GlcAα-Cer)
h14:0,d18:0 PubMed Sorangium
cellulosum
h16:1,br-h17:1,h18:1
br-d21:3,br-d21:2
PubMed
真核生物
Eukaryota
原生生物界
Protista
メタモナーダ門 Metamonada 鞭毛虫 Protista.png Giardia
lamblia
undescribed PubMed Trichomonas
vaginalis
16:0,d18:1 PubMed Giardia
lamblia
16:0,d18:1 DOI
ユーグレノゾア門
Euglenozoa
Leishmania
amazonensis


Plasmodium
falciparum

undescribed


h10:0,h120,d18:0,d20:0

PubMed


PubMed

Leishmania
amazonensis
(Galβ1-3Galα1-4Galβ1
-4Glcβ1-Cer)


Plasmodium
falciparum
(trihexosylceramide)
Trypanosoma
brucei
(GM3,GM1,GD1a,GD1b)

undescribed


h12:0,h14:0,d18:0,d20:0
undescribed

PubMed


PubMed
PubMed

Globo,
a-series,
b-series
Leishmania
major
18:0,d16:1 PubMed Plasmodium
falciparum
undescribed PubMed
繊毛虫門
Ciliophora
繊毛虫 Entodinium
caudatum
undescribed PubMed
植物界
Plantae
緑藻植物門
Chlorophyta
クロレラ Plantae.png Pseudococcomyxa
chodatii
h16:0,h18:0,t18:0,t18:1 DOI Chlorella
kessleri
(Galα1-4Galβ1
-4Glcβ1-Cer)
undescribed PubMed Globo
ストレプト植物門
Streptophyta
(*被子植物門を除く) (except Angiosperm)
緑色植物 Ginkgo
biloba


Stenochlaena
palustris

h16:0,d18:2


h24:0,d18:2

DOI


DOI

被子植物門
Angiosperm
シロイヌナズナ Arabidopsis
thaliana
h24:1,d18:1 PubMed
菌界
Fungi
接合菌門
Zygomycota
ケカビ、クモノスカビ Fungi.png Mucor
hiemalis
h16:0,h18:0,br-d19:2,d20:1 PubMed Mucor
hiemalis
(Galβ1-6Galβ1-Cer)
h24:0,h25:0,h26:0,t18:0 PubMed Gala
子嚢菌門
Ascomycota
酵母、コウジカビ Aspergillus
oryzae
h18:0,br-d19:2 PubMed Aspergillus
ryzae
h18:0,br-d19:2 PubMed
担子菌門
Basidiomycota
キノコ Cryptococcus
neoformans
h18:0,br-d19:2 PubMed
動物界
Animalia
海綿動物門
Porifera
カイメン Porifera.png Agelas
mauritianus
(α-GalCer)


Chondropsis sp.
(β-GalCer)

h24:0,br-t18:0


h24:0,br-d18:1

DOI


DOI

Halicona sp. h22:0,t18:1 DOI Amphimedon
viridis
(GlcNAcα1-Cer,
GlcNAcβ1-Cer)
h22:0,br-t20:1;h22:0,
br-t20:1,br-t19:0
DOI
刺胞動物門
Cnidaria
クラゲ Cnidaria.png Metridium
senile
(α-GlcCer)


Sarcophyton ehrenbergi

h16:0,h20:0,br-d19:2


h18:0,br-d19:3

PubMed


PubMed

PubMed
(*刺胞動物門ではCPEは見つかっていない。)
PubMed
(*刺胞動物門ではSMは見つかっていない。)
    (旧口動物、冠輪)
(Protostomia, Lophotrochozoa)
扁形動物門
Platyhelminthes
吸虫綱
Trematoda
ジストマ Platyhelminthes.png Fasciola
hepatica
18:0,h18:0,t18:0,t20:0 PubMed Fasciola
hepatica


Schistosoma mansoni

18:0,h18:0,t18:0,t20:0


h16:0,t18:0,t20:0

PubMed


PubMed

Fasciola
hepatica
(Galα1-4Galβ1
-4-Glcβ1-Cer)


Schistosoma
mansoni
(GalNAcβ1-4Glcβ1-Cer)
Schistosoma
mansoni
(GM1,GD1a,GD1b,GT1b)

undescribed


h16:0,26:0
undescribed

PubMed


PubMed
DOI

Globo,
Schisto,
Ganglio,
a-series
Paramphistomum
cervi
16:0, 18:1 PubMed
渦虫綱
Tubellaria
プラナリア Dugesia
dorotocephala
undescribed PubMed
条虫綱
Cestoda
サナダムシ Diphyllobothrium
hottai
16:0,18:0,26:0,28:0,
d18:1,d20:0,t18:0,t20:0
PubMed Diphyllobothrium
hottai
16:0,18:0,26:0,28:0,
d18:1,d20:0,t18:0,t20:0
PubMed Diphyllobothrium
hottai
(Galβ1-4(Fucα3)Glcβ1
-3Gal-β1-Cer)


Spirometra
erinacei
(Galβ1-4(Fucα3)Glcβ1
-3Gal-β1-Cer)
Echinococcus
multilocularis
(GM1,GM3,GD1a,GM2)

16:0,18:0,26:0,28:0,
d18:0,d20:0,t18:0


18:0,18:1,d18:0,t18:0
16:0,24:0,24:1,d18:1

PubMed


PubMed
PubMed

Spirometo Hymenolepis
diminuta
undescribed PubMed
外肛動物門
Bryozoa
コケムシ Pectinatella
magnifica
undescribed DOI Pectinatella
magnifica
(GlcNAcβ1-4Glcβ1-Cer)
undescribed DOI
腕足動物門
Brachiopoda
シャミセンガイ Brachiopoda.png Lingula
unguis
h16:0,h17:0,h18:0,
d18:1,d18:3
DOI Lingula
unguis
(Manα1-3Manβ1
-4Glcβ1-Cer)
16:0,18:0,d18:3 DOI Mollu Lingula
unguis
16:0,18:0 h16:0,
h18:0,d18:1, d18:3
滋賀大学教育学部紀要,自然科学・教育科学,45,31-42,1996
環形動物門
Annelida
貧毛綱
Oligochaeta
ミミズ Annelida.png Pheretima
aspergillum
22:0,24:0,h22:0,h23:0,
h24:0,br-d18:1,d18:1,t18:0
DOI Pheretima
aspergillum
22:0,24:0,br-d18:1,d18:1,
br-d19:1
DOI Pheretima
aspergillum
(Galβa1-6Galβ1-Cer)


Pheretima
hilgendorfi
(PC-6Galβ1-6Galβ1-Cer)

22:0,24:0,h24:0,
br-d18:1,d18:1,t18:0


22:0,24:0,br-d18:1,
br-d19:1

DOI


PubMed

Neogala (*環形動物門では
SMは見つかっていない。)
PubMed
(*SM-Binding Protein, Lyseninはミミズから抽出。)
ヒル綱
Hirudinea
ヒル Hiruo
nipponica
(β-GalCer)
16:0,22:0,24:0,d18:1,
br-d19:1,d22:3
DOI Hirudo
nipponica
(Galα1-6Galβ1-Cer,
PC-6Galβ1-6Galβ1-Cer)
16:0,22:0,24:0,d18:1,
br-d19:1,16:0,22:0,24:0,
t18:0,br-t19:0,d22:3
DOI Isoneogala (*環形動物門ではSMは見つかっていない。)
多毛綱
Polychaeta
サシバゴカイ目
Phyllodocida
イトメ Tylorrhynchus
heterochetus
16:0,17:0,18:0,h16:0,
h17:0 d18:1,d18:2
DOI Tylorrhynchus
heterochetus
16:0,17:0,18:0,h16:0,
h17:0
DOI Tylorrhynchus
heterochetus
(PC-6Galβ1-Cer)
16:0,d18:1,d18:2 DOI (*環形動物門ではSMは見つかっていない。)
ケヤリ目
Sabellida
エラコ Pseudopotamilla
occelata
16:0,18:0,h16:0,h18:0,
d18:1
DOI Pseudopotamilla
occelata
16:0,18:0,h16:0,h18:0,
d18:1
DOI Pseudopotamilla
occelata
(Galα1-4Galβ1-Cer,
Galβ1-4Glcβ1-Cer)
16:0,18:0,d18:1,20:1,
22:1,d18:1
DOI Gala (*環形動物門ではSMは見つかっていない。)
軟体動物門
Mollusca
二枚貝綱
Bivalvia
二枚貝 Mollusca.png Hyriopsis
schlegelii
/egg
14:0,16:0,h16:0,d18:1,
br-d19:1
PubMed Hyriopsis
schlegelii
/egg
14:0,16:0,h16:0,d18:1,
br-d19:1
PubMed Hyriopsis
schlegelii
/sperm
(Manα1-3Manβ1
-4Glcβ1-Cer)
16:0,18:0,20:0,
d18:1,br-18:1
PubMed


PubMed

Mollu Pinctada
martensii
h16:0,h18:0,
d18:1,d18:0
PubMed Pinctada
martensii
16:0,17:0,18:0,
d16:1,d18:1,d18:2
滋賀大学教育学部紀要,自然科学,54,41-48,2004
腹足綱
Gastropoda
巻貝 Chlorostoma
argyrostoma,
Chlorostoma
turbinatum
16:0,h16:0,h18:0,d18:1,
d18:2
PubMed Euhadra
hickonis
16:0,h16:0,br-d19:1,d18:1 DOI Chlorostoma
argyrostoma
(Galβ1-6Galβ1-Cer),
Chlorostoma turbinatum
(Galβ1-6Galβ1-Cer)
16:0,17:0,h16:0,h18:0,
d18:1,br-d18:1,d18:2,
d19:1
PubMed Neogala Heterogen
longispira
undescribed PubMed Sinotaia
historica
undescribed PubMed
頭足綱
Cephalopoda
イカ、タコ Ommastrephes
sloani pacificus
/sperm
16:0,18:0,22:0,22:1,
d16:1
滋賀大学教育学部紀要,自然科学・教育科学,44,17-23,1994 Ommastrephes
sloani pacificus
/sperm
16:0,18:0,22:0,22:1,
d16:1
滋賀大学教育学部紀要,自然科学・教育科学,44,17-23,1994 Ommastrephes
sloani pacificus
/sperm
(Manβ1-4Manβ1
-4Glcβ1-Cer)


Todarodes
pacificu
(GT3,GQ1c)

16:0,18:1,22:1,24:1,
d16:1


undescribed

滋賀大学教育学部紀要,自然科学・教育科学,44,17-23,1994


PubMed

c-series Todarodes
pacificu
/viscera
16:0,18:0,24:1,
d16:1
滋賀大学教育学部紀要,自然科学,59,29-37,2009
(旧口動物、脱皮)
(Protostomia, Ecdysozoa)
線形動物門
Nematoda
クロマドラ綱
Chromadorea
回虫 Nematoda.png Ascaris
suum
/adult


Ascaris
suum

h24:0,br-d17:1,
br-d17:0,br-t18:0
PubMed


DOI

Ascaris
suum
(HSO3-3Galβ1-Cer)


Ascaris
suum
/adult
(GlcNAcβ1-3Manβ1
-4Glcβ1-Cer)
Ascaris
suum
(PC-6GlcNAcβ1-3Manβ1-4Glcβ1-Cer)

24:0,h24:0,br-d17:1,
br-d17:0,
br-t18:0


h24:0,br-d17:1,
br-d17:0
h22:0,h24:0,
br-d17:1,br-d17:0

PubMed


PubMed
DOI

Arthro Ascaris
suum
24:0,h24:0,
br-d17:1br-d17:0,
br-t17:0


DOI

節足動物門 Arthropoda 昆虫綱 Insecta  ハエ Arthropoda.png Lucilia
caesar
/larvae
16:0,18:0,20:0,22:0,
d14:1,d16:1
PubMed Lucilia
caesar
/larvae
(GlcNAcβ1-3Manβ1
-4Glcβ1-Cer)
16:0,18:0,20:0,22:0,
d14:1,d16:1
PubMed Arthro Lucilia
caesar
/pupae
20:0, 22:0 PubMed
(*昆虫綱ではショウジョウバエなど少数の種のみCPEが見つかる。)
Aedes
aegypti
/cells
18:0, 20:0, 22:0 PubMed
(*昆虫綱では多くの種でSMが見つかる。)
甲殻亜門
軟甲綱
Crustacea
Malacostraca
エビ、カニ Penaeus
duorarum
/ventral nerve
undescribed PubMed Euphausia
superba
(GlcNAcβ1-3Manβ1
-4Glcβ1-Cer )


Euphausia
superba
(MAEPn-6Glcβ1-Cer)

22:1,24:1,d14:1


22:1,h22:1,h24:1,d14:1,
br-d18:3,d18:3

DOI


PubMed

Arthro Erimacrus
isenbeckii
18:0,20:0,22:0,
22:1,d14:1,d14:0
滋賀大学教育学部紀要,自然科学,52,9-16,2002
甲殻亜門
鰓脚綱
Crustacea Branchiopoda
カブトエビ、ミジンコ Artemia
franciscana
18:0,22:0,h18:0,d16:1,
d17:1
PubMed Artemia
franciscana
(GlcNAcβ1-3Manβ1
-4Glcβ1-Cer)
22:0,d16:1,d17:1 PubMed Arthro Artemia
franciscana
18:0,22:0,
d16:1,d17:1
PubMed
多足亜門
ヤスデ綱
Myriapoda Diplopoda
ヤスデ Parafontaria
laminata
h(2- or 3-hydroxy)23:0,
h(2- or 3-hydroxy)24:0,
d17:1,br-d18:1,d18:1
PubMed Parafontaria
laminata
(GlcNAcβ1-3Manβ1
-4Glcβ1-Cer)
22:0,23:0,24:0,d17:1,
br-d18:1
PubMed Arthro Parafontaria
laminata
16:0,17:0,18:0,
22:0,d17:1,d18:1
滋賀文化短期大学紀要,3,71-78,1993 Spirostreptus
asthene s
/oocytes
undescribed DOI
(新口動物)
(Deuterostomia)
棘皮動物門
Echinodermata
ウミユリ綱
Crinoidea
  ウミユリ Echinodermata.png Comanthus
japonica
24:0,h18:0 h22:1,h24:0,
d16:1,d18:2,t16:0
PubMed
ヒトデ綱
Asteroidea
ヒトデ Culcita
novaeguineae
h22:0,br-t16:0 PubMed Asterias
rubens
d18:2,d22:1,d22:2 PubMed Luidia
maculata
(Galβ1-4Glcβ1-Cer)


Luidia
maculata
((3-sulfo)Galβ1-4Galβ1
-4Glcβa1-Cer)
Luidia
maculata
(GM3)
Luidia
maculata
(GD3)

h16:0,h22:0,h24:0,<brbr-d19:1,t16:0,<brbr-t17:0,t22:1


h22:0,br-t19:0
h22:0,t19:0
h22:0,t17:0

DOI


DOI
DOI
PubMed

a-series,
b-series
Distolasterias
nipon
undescribed DOI
クモヒトデ綱
Ophiuroidea
クモヒトデ Ophiocoma
scolopendrina
(NeuGcα2-6Glcβ1-Cer,
GM5,
HSO3-8NeuAcα2
-6Glcβ1-Cer)
18:0,t18:0,br-t18:0,
h22:0,t18:0,br-t18:0
PubMed Echino
ウニ綱
Echinoidea
ウニ Anthocidaris
crassispina
/egg
22:1,24:1,h22:1,h24:1,
t18:0
PubMed Anthocidaris
crassispina
/egg
(Galα1-6Glcβ1Cer)


Anthocidaris
crassispina
/egg
(NeuGcα2-6Glcβ1-Cer,
GM5,
HSO3-8NeuGcα2
-6Glcβ1-Cer)

22:1,24:1,h22:1,h24:1,
t18:0,h22:1,h23:1,
h24:1,t18:0
PubMed


PubMed

Echino Strongylocentrotus
intermedius
undescribed DOI
ナマコ綱
Holothuroidea
ナマコ Bohadschia
argus
h24:1,d17:1,br-d17:1 PubMed Cucumaria
echinata
h22:0,h23:0,h24:0,
br-d17:1
DOI Holothuria
leucospilota
(NeuGcα2-6Glcβ1-Cer,
GM5)
h22:0,h23:0,h24:0,h24:1,
br-t17:0,br-t18:0,br-t19:0
DOI Echino
脊索動物門
Chordata
ホヤ綱
Ascidiacea
ホヤ Ascidia.png Aplidium
nordmani,
Styela
partita,
Botrillus
leachii
h24:0,t18:0,br-t19:0 DOI Microcosmus
sulcatus
(Galβ1-4(Fucα1
-3)Glcβ1-Cer)
h22:0,h23:0,t19:0 DOI Ciona
intestinalis
16:0,18:0,18:1
d16:1,d18:2
PubMed
軟骨魚綱
Chondrichthyes
エイ Chondrichthyes.png Carcharhinus
plumbeus
/brain
(Gal-Cer, SO3-3Galβ1-Cer)
undescribed PubMed Squalus
acanthias
/rectal gland
undescribed PubMed Bathyraja
smirnovi
(GM2,GD2)
undescribed PubMed a-series,
b-series
Torpedo
marmorata
/electric organ
16:0,24:1,d18:1 PubMed
条鰭綱
Actinopterygii
硬骨魚 Actinopterygii.png Cyprinus
carpio
/brain
(Gal-Cer, SO3-3Galβ1-Cer)
24:1,h24:0 PubMed Theragra
chalcogramm
/brain
24:1 PubMed Latimeria
chalumnae
(GM3,GD3)


Theragra
chalcogramma
(9-O-Ac-GT3)

16:0,18:0,24:1,d18:1


undescribed

DOI


PubMed

a-series,
b-series,
c-series
Latimeria
chalumnae
/brain
undescribed DOI
両生綱
Amphibia
カエル Amphibia.png Rana
catesbeiana
/brain
(Gal-Cer,SO3-3Galβ1-Cer)
18:0,24:1,h24:1,d18:0,
d18:1
PubMed Bufo
japonicus
/skin
22:0,24:0,h22:0,h24:0,
t18:0
PubMed Rana
pipiens
(GD1b,GT1b)
undescribed DOI b-series Rana
pipiens
/spinal cord
undescribed J.Exp.Biol. 29, 203-210, 1952
爬虫綱
Reptilias
ワニ Reptilia.png Iguana spp.
/brain
(Gal-Cer,SO3-3Galβ1-Cer)
nonhydroxy FA,hydoroxy FA PubMed Anolis
carolinensis
/kidney
h23:0,h24:0,
h24:1,d18:1
PubMed Pseudemys
scripta elegans
/brain
undescribed PubMed a-series,
b-series
Tropidurus
torquatus
undescribed PubMed
鳥綱
Aves
トリ Aves.png Gallus
gallus domesticus
/sciatic nerve
(Gal-Cer,SO3-3Galβ1-Cer)
22:0,24:0,h22:0,h24:0 PubMed Gallus
gallus
/domesticus lens
undescribed PubMed Anser
anser
/brain
(GM1,GD1a,GD1b,
GT1b,GQ1b)
undescribed PubMed a-series,
b-series
Colurnba
livia domestica
/liver
16:0,18:0,20:4 PubMed
哺乳綱
Mammalia
無盲腸目
Eulipotyphla
モグラ Mammalia.png Suncus
murinus
/brain
(Gal-Cer,SO3-3Galβ1-Cer)
24:0,h24:0,d18:1 PubMed Suncus
murinus
/brain
24:0,h24:0,d18:1 PubMed Suncus
murinus
/brain
(GalNAcβ1-4Galβ1
-4Glcβ1-Cer,
GM1,GD1a,GD1b,GT1b)
h24:0,d18:1 PubMed Ganglio,
a-series,
b-series
Suncus
murinus
liver
undescribed PubMed
食肉目
Carnivora
ネコ、イヌ Felis
silvestris catus
/brain
(Gal-Cer,SO3-3Galβ1-Cer)
undescribed PubMed Canis
lupus familiaris
/intestine
20:0,22:0,24:0,hFA PubMed Felis
silvestris catus
/brain
(GM1,GD1a,GD1b,
GT1b,GQ1b)
undescribed PubMed a-series,
b-series
Canis lupus
familiaris
/brain
undescribed PubMed
奇蹄目
Perissodactyla
ウマ Equus
caballus
/brain
(Gal-Cer,SO3-3Galβ1-Cer)
22:0,24:0,24:1,h22:0,
h24:0,h24:1,d18:1
PubMed Equus
caballus
/spleen
16:0,22:0,24:0 undescribed PubMed Equus
caballus
/brain
(GM4,GM3,GM2,GM1,
GD1a,GD1b,GT1b)
18:0,20:0,24:0,h24:0,
h24:1,d18:1,d20:1
PubMed a-series,
b-series
Equus
caballus
/spinal cord
16:0,18:0,
22:0,24:1
DOI
鯨偶蹄目
Cetartiodactyla
ウシ、ブタ Bos
taurus
/brain
(Gal-Cer,SO3-3Galβ1-Cer)
18:0,24:0,24:1,h18:0,
h24:0,h24:1,d18:1
PubMed Bos
taurus
/spleen
22:0,23:0,24:0 PubMed Bos
taurus
/brain
(GM2,GM1,GD3,GD1a,
GD1b)
undescribed PubMed a-series,
b-series
Bos
taurus
/brain
18:0,24:0,24:1,
d18:1
PubMed
兎目
Lagomorpha
ウサギ Oryctolagus
cuniculus
/brain
(Gal-Cer,SO3-3Galβ1-Cer)
undescribed PubMed Oryctolagus
cuniculus
/skin fibroblasts
undescribed PubMed Oryctolagus
cuniculus
/brain
(GM1,GD1a,GD1b,GT1)
undescribed PubMed a-series,
b-series
Oryctolagus
cuniculus
/brain
undescribed PubMed
齧歯目
Rodentia
ラット、マウス Rattus
norvegicus
/brain
(Gal-Cer,SO3-3Galβ1-Cer)
undescribed PubMed Mus
musculus
/erythrocytes
16:0,18:0,22:0,24:1,
d18:1
PubMed Rattus
norvegicus
/brain
(GM1,GD1a,GD1b,GT)
undescribed PubMed a-series,
b-series
Rattus
norvegicus
/brain
undescribed PubMed
霊長目
Primates
ヒト Primates.png Homo
sapiens
/brain
(Gal-Cer,SO3-3Galβ1-Cer)
18:0,24:1,24:0,25:1,
25:0,26:1,h16:0,h18:0,
h22:0,h23:0,h24:1,h24:0
PubMed Homo
sapiens
/spleen of Gaucher's disease


Homo
sapiens
/blood

22:0,d18:1


undescribed

PubMed


PubMed

Homo
sapiens
/brain
(GM1,GD1a,GD1b,GT1b)
undescribed PubMed a-series,
b-series
Homo
sapiens
/brain
18:0,24:1 PubMed

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