Category:LBS: Difference between revisions

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===First (s1) Code for Glycosphingolipid===
===First (s1) Code for Glycosphingolipid===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; background-color:white"
! First sugar || Code || Root sequence
! First sugar || Code || Root sequence
! colspan=2 | Major Series  
! colspan=2 | Major Series  
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|style="text-align:right"| '''Gal'''-Cer
|style="text-align:right"| '''Gal'''-Cer
|
|
{| class="wikitable"
{|
|-
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|mainchain.*Gala1-4?6?Galb1-Cer|Gala]]
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|mainchain.*Gala1-4?6?Galb1-Cer|Gala]]
|style="text-align:right"| '''Gal'''<sub>&alpha;1&minus;4/6</sub>Gal<sub>&beta;1&minus;1</sub>Cer
|style="text-align:right"| '''Gal'''<sub>&alpha;1&minus;4/6</sub>Gal<sub>&beta;1&minus;1</sub>Cer
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|style="text-align:right"| '''GalNAc<sub>&beta;</sub>'''-Gal<sub>&beta;</sub>-Glc<sub>&beta;</sub>-Cer
|style="text-align:right"| '''GalNAc<sub>&beta;</sub>'''-Gal<sub>&beta;</sub>-Glc<sub>&beta;</sub>-Cer
|
|
{| class="wikitable"
{|
|-
|-
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|mainchain.*GalNAcb1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Ganglio]]
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|mainchain.*GalNAcb1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Ganglio]]
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|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|structure.*GlcNAcb1-3\(.*GalNAcb1-4\)Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Lactoganglio]]
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|structure.*GlcNAcb1-3\(.*GalNAcb1-4\)Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Lactoganglio]]
|  
|  
{| style="background:#f9f9f9" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align="right"
{|cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 align="right"
|
|
{| style="background:#f9f9f9" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0
{|cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0
|GalNAc<sub>&beta;'''1-4'''</sub>
|GalNAc<sub>&beta;'''1-4'''</sub>
|-
|-
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|style="text-align:right"| '''GlcNAc<sub>&beta;</sub>'''-Gal<sub>&beta;</sub>-Glc<sub>&beta;</sub>-Cer
|style="text-align:right"| '''GlcNAc<sub>&beta;</sub>'''-Gal<sub>&beta;</sub>-Glc<sub>&beta;</sub>-Cer
|
|
{| class="wikitable"
{|
|-
|-
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|mainchain.*Galb1-3GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Lacto]]
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|mainchain.*Galb1-3GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Lacto]]
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|style="text-align:right"| '''Gal<sub>&alpha;</sub>'''-Gal<sub>&beta;</sub>-Glc<sub>&beta;</sub>-Cer
|style="text-align:right"| '''Gal<sub>&alpha;</sub>'''-Gal<sub>&beta;</sub>-Glc<sub>&beta;</sub>-Cer
|
|
{| class="wikitable"
{|
|-
|-
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|mainchain.*Gala1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Globo]]
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|mainchain.*Gala1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Globo]]
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|style="text-align:right"| Gal-Glc-Cer<br/>(Except G2&sim;G4)
|style="text-align:right"| Gal-Glc-Cer<br/>(Except G2&sim;G4)
|
|
{| class="wikitable"
{|
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|mainchain.*Galb1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Muco]]
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|mainchain.*Galb1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Muco]]
|Gal<sub>'''&beta;1&minus;4'''</sub>Gal<sub>&beta;1&minus;4</sub>Glc<sub>&beta;1&minus;1</sub>Cer
|Gal<sub>'''&beta;1&minus;4'''</sub>Gal<sub>&beta;1&minus;4</sub>Glc<sub>&beta;1&minus;1</sub>Cer
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|style="text-align:right"| '''Man'''-Glc<sub>&beta;</sub>-Cer
|style="text-align:right"| '''Man'''-Glc<sub>&beta;</sub>-Cer
|
|
{| class="wikitable"
{|
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|mainchain.*GlcNAcb1-3Manb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Arthro]]
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|mainchain.*GlcNAcb1-3Manb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Arthro]]
|style="text-align:right"| '''GlcNAc'''<sub>&beta;1&minus;3</sub>Man<sub>&beta;1&minus;4</sub>Glc<sub>&beta;1&minus;1</sub>Cer
|style="text-align:right"| '''GlcNAc'''<sub>&beta;1&minus;3</sub>Man<sub>&beta;1&minus;4</sub>Glc<sub>&beta;1&minus;1</sub>Cer
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|style="text-align:right"| '''NeuAc'''/'''NeuGc'''-Glc<sub>&beta;</sub>-Cer
|style="text-align:right"| '''NeuAc'''/'''NeuGc'''-Glc<sub>&beta;</sub>-Cer
|
|
{| class="wikitable"
{|
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|mainchain.*Neu(A~G)c.2-6Glcb1-Cer|Echino]]
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|mainchain.*Neu(A~G)c.2-6Glcb1-Cer|Echino]]
|NeuAc or NeuGc<sub>1&minus;6</sub>Glc<sub>&beta;1&minus;1</sub>Cer
|NeuAc or NeuGc<sub>1&minus;6</sub>Glc<sub>&beta;1&minus;1</sub>Cer
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|style="text-align:right"| '''GalNAc'''-Glc-Cer
|style="text-align:right"| '''GalNAc'''-Glc-Cer
|
|
{| class="wikitable"
{|
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|mainchain.*GalNAc.1-4Glc.1-Cer|Plathy]]
|[[Volatile:ListMol/LBS|mainchain.*GalNAc.1-4Glc.1-Cer|Plathy]]
|GalNAc<sub>&alpha;/&beta;1&minus;4</sub>Glc<sub>&alpha;/&beta;1&minus;1</sub>Cer
|GalNAc<sub>&alpha;/&beta;1&minus;4</sub>Glc<sub>&alpha;/&beta;1&minus;1</sub>Cer
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| Others
| Others
|}
|}


===Second (s2) Code for subsequent sugars===
===Second (s2) Code for subsequent sugars===

Revision as of 07:16, 22 January 2015

Sphingolipid


Upper classes: LB

Class Overview

The Sphingolipid category (LBS) in the database includes glycosphingolipid and phosphosphingolipid.

Sphingolipid Overview

Glyco-sphingolipid (including its lyso form)
LBSnn.png
スフィンゴ糖脂質 (リゾ体を含む)

Phospho-sphingolipid (including glycosyl phosphoinositolceramide or GIPC)
LBSPP.png
スフィンゴリン脂質 (GIPC含む)

Sphingosine & Ceramide

Sphingolipids were first isolated from brain by J.L.W. Thudichum (1829-1901) as lipids of unknown function and structure. The name "sphingo" comes from the Greek word sphingein for holding tight. (The Sphinx also comes from this word root. See the Wikipedia article in English., as well as sphincter muscle.) The basic structure is a long-chain base, usually sphingosine (2-amino-4-octadecene-1,3-diol), whose amino-group is acylated with a long-chain fatty acid. This hydrophobic structure is called ceramides.

スフィンゴ脂質は J.L.W. Thudichum (1829-1901) により機能や構造未知の脂質として脳から見いだされました。スフィンゴという名前はギリシャ語の sphingein に由来しており、「固く縛る」という意味です。(スフィンクスの語源も之に同じで、括約筋のことを英語で sphincter muscle といいます。)基本骨格は長鎖塩基 (長鎖アミノアルコール、通常はスフィンゴシン) のアミノ基が長鎖脂肪酸とアミド結合したもので、セラミドと呼ばれます。

Ceramides with the sphingosine base are prevalent as membrane components of eukaryotic cells. Those with the phytosphingosine base localize in particular organs such as small intestines. Sphingomyelin is a ceramide with phosphocholine.

スフィンゴシンをもつセラミドは細胞組織の膜成分として普遍的に存在します。その他にも臓器特異的にフィトスフィンゴシンを含むセラミドが知られています。セラミドにホスフォコリンがついたものが有名なスフィンゴミエリンです。



Biosynthesis

Sphingosine is synthesized from decarboxylating condensation of palmitoyl CoA with serine. It is a 18-carbon amino alcohol (16 carbons from palmitic acid and 2 from serine) with one unsaturated bond.

スフィンゴシンはパルミトイルCoAがアミノ酸セリンと脱炭酸縮合して生成します。炭素を18個含むアミノアルコール(16個がパルミチン酸、2個がセリン由来)で不飽和結合を1つ含んでいます (2-amino-4-octadecene-1,3-diol)。


  • Sph 骨格へのリンク

Sphingolipid スフィンゴ脂質

Common Abbreviations

Page/ID-Code Design

L B S G/P s1 s2 n1 n2 y c1 c2
G/P G (glyco) P (phospho)
s1, s2 structure code as explained below
n1, n2 number of sugars (2 digits)
y N (neutral), A (acidic), B (basic), or M (amphoteric)
c1, c2 serial numbers


First (s1) Code for Glycosphingolipid

First sugar Code Root sequence Major Series
starting with Galactose G1 Gal-Cer
mainchain.*Gala1-4?6?Galb1-Cer|Gala Galα1−4/6Galβ1−1Cer
mainchain.*Galb1-4Glcb1-3Galb1-Cer|Spirometo Galβ1−4Glcβ1−3Galβ1−1Cer
starting with Glucose
G2 GalNAcβ-Galβ-Glcβ-Cer
mainchain.*GalNAcb1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Ganglio GalNAcβ1−4Galβ1−4Glcβ1−1Cer
mainchain.*GalNAcb1-3Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Isoganglio GalNAcβ1−3Galβ1−4Glcβ1−1Cer
structure.*GlcNAcb1-3\(.*GalNAcb1-4\)Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Lactoganglio
GalNAcβ1-4
GlcNAcβ1/3
Galβ1−4Glcβ1−1Cer
G3 GlcNAcβ-Galβ-Glcβ-Cer
mainchain.*Galb1-3GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Lacto Galβ1−3GlcNAcβ1−3Galβ1−4Glcβ1−1Cer
mainchain.*Galb1-4GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Neolacto Galβ1−4GlcNAcβ1−3Galβ1−4Glcβ1−1Cer
mainchain.*Gala1-3GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Isoneolacto Galα1−3GlcNAcβ1−3Galβ1−4Glcβ1−1Cer
G4 Galα-Galβ-Glcβ-Cer
mainchain.*Gala1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Globo Galα1−4Galβ1−4Glcβ1−1Cer
mainchain.*Gala1-3Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Isoglobo Galα1−3Galβ1−4Glcβ1−1Cer
G5 Gal-Glc-Cer
(Except G2∼G4)
mainchain.*Galb1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Muco Galβ1−4Galβ1−4Glcβ1−1Cer
G6 Man-Glcβ-Cer
mainchain.*GlcNAcb1-3Manb1-4Glcb1-Cer|Arthro GlcNAcβ1−3Manβ1−4Glcβ1−1Cer
mainchain.*Mana1.3Manb1.4Glcb1.Cer|Mollu Manα1−3Manβ1−4Glcβ1−1Cer
G7 NeuAc/NeuGc-Glcβ-Cer
mainchain.*Neu(A~G)c.2-6Glcb1-Cer|Echino NeuAc or NeuGc1−6Glcβ1−1Cer
G8 GalNAc-Glc-Cer
mainchain.*GalNAc.1-4Glc.1-Cer|Plathy GalNAcα/β1−4Glcα/β1−1Cer
Others G(AZ) Symbols follow the Sugar-digit table.
First sugar Code Root sequence Major Series
No Sugar P1 LBSP1|R-P-Cer Sphingomyelins
Inositol P2 LBSP2|GlcNα/β1−2/6Ins1-P-Cer GIPC
P3 LBSP3|GlcAα/β1−2/6Ins1-P-Cer GIPC
P4 LBSP4|Manα/β1−2/6Ins1-P-Cer GIPC
P5 LBSP5|Ins1-P-Cer Others

Second (s2) Code for subsequent sugars

Code Structure
A Glc
B Gal
C GlcNAc
D GalNAc
E GlcN
F GalN
G GlcA
H GalA
I not used
Code Structure
J structure.*Man|Mannose
K structure.*Rha|Rhamnose
L %73%74%72%75%63%74%75%72%65%2e%2A%49%6e%73%28%4d%65%29%3F%2d%50%2d%5B%5E%43%65%72%5D|Inositol
M Fucose (%73%74%72%75%63%74%75%72%65%5B%5E%46%5D%2B%46%75%63%5B%5E%46%5D%2B%24| 1, %73%74%72%75%63%74%75%72%65%28%5B%5E%46%5D%2B%46%75%63%29%7B%32%7D%5B%5E%46%5D%2B%24|2, %73%74%72%75%63%74%75%72%65%28%5B%5E%46%5D%2B%46%75%63%29%7B%33}|>3)
N structure.*Ara|Arabinose
O structure.*Xyl|Xylose
P structure.*(NeuAc~NeuNH)|NeuAc / NeuNH
Q structure.*(NeuGc)|NeuGc
R structure.*(KDN)|KDN
Code Structure
S structure.*Phospho|Phosphate
T structure.*(AEPn)|(M)AEPn, structure.*(EtnP)|EtnP, structure.*(PC)|PC
U structure.*Sulfo|Sulfate
V acyl/alkyl/alkenyl chain


Subcategories

This category has the following 4 subcategories, out of 4 total.