Category:LBA: Difference between revisions

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{{#def:LANG|{{#getenv:LANG}}}}
#REDIRECT [[Category:LBGA]]
{{Huge|{{Bilingual|アーキア脂質|Archaeal Lipid}}}}
{{Hierarchy|{{PAGENAME}}}}
 
==Class Overview==
 
{{Twocolumn|
Archaeal lipid is composed of sn-glycerol 1-phosphate and isoprenoids. This composition is different from lipid in eubacteria and eukaryotes, which comprises of sn-glycerol 3-phosphate and fatty acids. Responsible enzymes are also non-homologous. Archaea also contains tetraether lipid
|
アーキア<cite>古細菌と呼ばれることが多いのですが、真性細菌と明確に区別するためにここではアーキアと記します。</cite>の脂質は、
sn-グリセロール1リン酸にイソプレン骨格がエーテル結合しています。
これは、グリセロール3リン酸と脂肪酸を利用する真性細菌や真核生物と全く異なる構造で、生合成をおこなう酵素も相同ではありません。またテトラエーテル型と呼ばれるイソプレン骨格が末端で重合した環状脂質も広く存在し、これが単分子膜を形成すると考えられています。
}}
 
<references/>
 
==={{Bilingual|系統|Phylogeny}}===
{{Twocolumn|
Archaea are separated into two phyla which show three different characters (Table 1: leftmost column).
|
アーキアはcrenarchaeotaとeuryarchaetaに分かれますが、
特徴からみると三通りになります(表の最左カラム)。
}}
 
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Table 1. {{Bilingual|アーキアの分類|Clades in Archaea}}
|-
! {{Bilingual|特徴|Character}} || Phyrum (綱) || Order (目) || Family (科)
|-
!rowspan="5"|{{Bilingual|メタンを生成しない好熱菌|Non-methanogenic<br/>hyperthermophils}}
|rowspan="3"|crenarchaeota
|desulfurococcales || desulfurococcaceae, pyrodictiaceae
|-
|sulfolobales || sulfolobaceae
|-
|thermoproteales || thermoproteaceae
|-
|rowspan="8"|euryarchaeota
|thermococcales || thermococcaceae
|-
|thermoplasmatales || thermoplasmataceae
|-
!{{Bilingual|高度好塩菌|Halophils}}
|halobacteriales || halobacteriaceae
|-
!rowspan="5"|{{Bilingual|メタン生成菌|Methanogens}}
|methanobacteriales || methanobacteriaceae, methanothermaceae
|-
| methanococcales || methanococcaceae, methanocaldococcaceae
|-
| methanomicrobiales || methanomicrobiaceae, methanospirillaceae
|-
| methanopyrales || methanopyraceae
|-
| methanosarcinales || methanosarcinaceae, methanosaetaceae
|}
 
==={{Bilingual|脂質命名法|Nomenclature}}===
 
アーキア脂質の名称の多くは日本人によって名付けられました。
{|
|-
| Archaeol [[Image:LBAA.png]]
| 2,3-di-O-alkyl sn-glycerol diether のこと。アルキル基はC20かC25のイソプレン。Archaetidic acid はその1リン酸エステル。
|-
| Caldarchaeol [[Image:LBAC.png]]
| 2分子のグリセロールがsn-2, sn-3 位でアルカンジオールとエーテル結合したテトラエーテル。
|-
| Isocaldarchaeol [[Image:LBAI.png]]
| 片方のグリセロールがCaldarchaeolと向きの違う異性体
|}
 
=={{Bilingual|ID番号 (ページ名) の設計|Design of Fat acyl Page Titles}}==
{{Twocolumn|
Each ID contains information on backbone type, chemical modification of polar head, and attached sugars.
|
各分子のページIDは基本骨格、極性基のタイプ、糖のタイプがコード化されています。
}}
<center>
9-DIGIT
<table border=1>
<tr>
<td style="background-color:yellowgreen;" width=15px align="center"><big>L</big>
<td style="background-color:yellowgreen;" width=15px align="center"><big>B</big>
<td style="background-color:darkseagreen;" width=15px align="center"><big>A</big>
<td style="background-color:tomato; color:white" width=15px align="center"><big>''x''</big>
<td style="background-color:purple; color:white" width=15px align="center"><big>''y''</big>
<td style="background-color:firebrick; color:white" width=15px align="center"><big>''z''</big>
<td style="background-color:green; color:white;" width=15px align="center"><big>''w''</big>
<td style="background-color:white;" width=15px align="center"><big>''c''</big>
<td style="background-color:white;" width=15px align="center"><big>''c''</big>
</tr>
</table>
</center>
{{Twocolumn|
* ''x'' ... backbone type
* ''y'' ... polar-head type
* ''z'' ... sugar type
* ''w'' ... number of sugars
* ''c'' ... serial number
|
* ''x'' ... バックボーンの構造
* ''y'' ... 極性基(リン酸部分)の構造
* ''z'' ... 糖のタイプ
* ''w'' ... 糖の個数
* ''c'' ... 通し番号
}}
 
==Classification <small>分類</small>==
 
===Backbone Structure <small>基本構造</small>===
 
<center>
{|
|valign="top"|
{| class="wikitable" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1" margin: 1em 1em 1em 1em"
! Backbone Structure
|- valign="top"
|[[Volatile:ListMol?my_1=LBAA|A: archaeol]] (C20,C20 type below) <br/>[[Image:LBAA.png]]
|-
|[[Volatile:ListMol?my_1=LBAH|H: hydroxy & methoxy archaeol]] (sn-2-hydroxy below) <br/>[[Image:LBAH.png]]
|-
|[[Volatile:ListMol?my_1=LBAU|U: unsaturated (alkenyl) archaeol]]<br/>[[Image:LBAU.png]]
|-
|[[Volatile:ListMol?my_1=LBAC|C: caldachaeol]] (tetraether type)<br/>[[Image:LBAC.png]]
|-
|[[Volatile:ListMol?my_1=LBAD|D: calditocaldarchaeol]]<br/>[[Image:LBAD.png]]
|-
|[[Volatile:ListMol?my_1=LBAY|Y: cyclic archaeol]]<br/>[[Image:LBAY.png]]
|}
 
|valign="top"|
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Order || Backbone (see left) || Polar-head || Sugar
{{#replace:
{{#lua:
  desulfurococcales ={{},{},{}}
  sulfolobales ={{},{},{}}
  thermoproteales ={{},{},{}}
  thermococcales ={{},{},{}}
  thermoplasmatales ={{},{},{}}
  halobacteriales ={{},{},{}}
  methanobacteriales ={{},{},{}}
  methanococcales ={{},{},{}}
  methanomicrobiales ={{},{},{}}
  methanopyrales ={{},{},{}}
  methanosarcinales ={{},{},{}}
 
  function printRow(name, T, reg) print("\n&-\n&[[Volatile:ListMolByReference&"..reg.."&"..name.."]] && ") for k,v in pairs(T[1]) do print(k.."("..v..") ") end print(" && ") for k,v in pairs(T[2]) do print(k.."("..v..") ") end print(" && ") for k,v in pairs(T[3]) do print(k.."("..v..") ") end end
 
  function register(T, id) local s = string.sub(id,4,4) if (T[1][s] == nil) then T[1][s]=1 else T[1][s]= T[1][s] + 1 end s = string.sub(id,5,5) if (T[2][s] == nil) then T[2][s]=1 else T[2][s]= T[2][s] + 1 end s = string.sub(id,6,6) if (T[3][s] == nil) then T[3][s]=1 else T[3][s]= T[3][s] + 1 end end
 
  for ref, sp, id in stdin:gmatch("&?&?([%w\. ]+)&&([%w\., ]+)&&([^\n]+)") do
    if (string.match(sp,"Aeropyrum") or string.match(sp,"Desulfurococcus") or string.match(sp,"Pyrolobus"))
      then register(desulfurococcales, id)
    elseif (string.match(sp,"Acidianus") or string.match(sp,"Sulfolobus") or string.match(sp,"Desulfurolobus"))
      then register(sulfolobales, id)
    elseif (string.match(sp,"Pyrobaculum") or string.match(sp,"Thermoproteus"))
      then register(thermoproteales, id)
    elseif (string.match(sp,"Pyrococcus") or string.match(sp,"Thermococcus"))
      then register(thermococcales, id)
    elseif (string.match(sp,"Thermoplasma"))
      then register(thermoplasmatales, id)
    elseif (string.match(sp,"Haloarcula") or string.match(sp,"Halobacterium") or string.match(sp,"Halococcus") or string.match(sp,"Haloferax") or string.match(sp,"Halorubrum") or string.match(sp,"Natrialba") or string.match(sp,"Natronobacterium") or string.match(sp,"Natronococcus"))
      then register(halobacteriales, id)
    elseif (string.match(sp,"Methanobacterium") or string.match(sp,"Methanobrevibacter") or string.match(sp,"Methanosphaera") or string.match(sp,"Methanothermobacter"))
      then register(methanobacteriales, id)
    elseif (string.match(sp,"Methanothermococcus") or string.match(sp,"Methanococcus") or string.match(sp,"Methanocaldococcus"))
      then register(methanococcales, id)
    elseif (string.match(sp,"Methanomicrobium") or string.match(sp,"Methanospirillum"))
      then register(methanomicrobiales, id)
    elseif (string.match(sp,"Methanopyrus"))
      then register(methanopyrales, id)
    elseif (string.match(sp,"Methanococcoides") or string.match(sp,"Methanohalophilus") or string.match(sp,"Methanolobus") or string.match(sp,"Methanosarcina"))
      then register(methanosarcinales, id)
    end
  end
  printRow("desulfurococcales", desulfurococcales, "Aeropyrum~Desulfurococcus~Pyrolobus")
  printRow("sulfolobales",sulfolobales, "Acidianus~Sulfolobus~Desulfurolobus")
  printRow("thermoproteales",thermoproteales, "Pyrobaculum~Thermoproteus")
  printRow("thermococcales",thermococcales, "Pyrococcus~Thermococcus")
  printRow("thermoplasmatales",thermoplasmatales, "Thermoplasma")
  printRow("halobacteriales",halobacteriales, "Haloarcula~Halobacterium~Halococcus~Haloferax~Halorubrum~Natrialba~Natronobacterium~Natronococcus")
  printRow("methanobacteriales",methanobacteriales, "Methanobacterium~Methanobrevibacter~Methanosphaera~Methanothermobacter")
  printRow("methanococcales",methanococcales, "Methanothermococcus~Methanococcus~Methanocaldococcus")
  printRow("methanomicrobiales",methanomicrobiales, "Methanomicrobium~Methanospirillum")
  printRow("methanopyrales",methanopyrales, "Methanopyrus")
  printRow("mehtanosarcinales",methanosarcinales, "Methanococcoides~Methanohalophilus~Methanolobus~Methanosarcina")
|
{{#SearchLine:&&LBA|Reference}}
}}
|&|{{#bar:}}}}
|}
 
;Polar-head Type : N: no structure; P: phosphate; C: phosphocholine; E: phosphoethanolamine; I: phosphoinositol; S: phosphoserine; G: phosphoglycerol; A: aminopentanetetrol; X: others
 
;Sugar Type : G: glucose and galactose; M: including mannose; L: including gulose; S: including HSO3; X: others;
|}
</center>

Latest revision as of 07:45, 24 March 2013

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