Category:LBS/Biosynthesis/CeramideDeg

ceramide	ceramidase fatty acid	sphingosine	S1P phosphatase	sphingosine 1-phosphate	S1P lyase phosphoethanolamine	hexadecenal		hexadecanal		palmitate
Cytosol

Enzyme function in the Human Genome
Protein name	Gene name (Uniprot)	Location
Acid ceramidase	ASAH1		Localized in lysosome. Its deficiency causes lysosomal accumulation of ceramides (Farber disease).^[1]
Neutral ceramidase	ASAH2		Localized to the plasma membrane and expressed in the small intestine and colon. ^[2]
Alkaline ceramidase	ACER1		Localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and highly expressed in skin.
	ACER2		Localized to the Golgi complex and highly expressed in placenta.
	ACER3		Localized to the ER and the Golgi complex, and ubiquitously expressed.
S1P phosphatase	SGPP1		Specifically dephosphorylates sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), dihydro-S1P, and phyto-S1P.
S1P phosphatase	SGPP2		Localized to the ER and dephosphorylates S1P and dihydro-S1P.^[3]
S1P lyase	SGPL1
↑ Ferlinz K, Kopal G, Bernardo K et al. (2001) "Human acid ceramidase: processing, glycosylation, and lysosomal targeting" J Biol Chem 276(38):35352-35360. ↑ Coant N, Sakamoto W, Mao C, Hannun YA (2015) "Ceramidases, roles in sphingolipid metabolism and in health and disease" Adv Biol Regul 63:122-131 ↑ Ogawa C, Kihara A, Gokoh M, Igarashi Y (2003) "Identification and characterization of a novel human sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphohydrolase, hSPP2" J Biol Chem 278(2):1268-1272.

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