Category:LBSP

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Sphingoid bases

Sphingoid base is a 2-aminoalkane (or alkene) 1,3-diol with 2R, 3R stereochemistry. Major types are listed as follows. Plants contain desaturated sphingosines, i.g. 4,8-sphingediene (d18:2), and insects contain sphingoid bases of shorter chains, e.g. d14:1 and d16:1.

スフィンゴイド塩基は 2-アミノアルカン(アルケン) 1,3-ジオールを指す。代表的なものは以下のとおり。植物は不飽和のスフィンゴシン、例えば 4,8-スフィンゲジエン (d18:2)をもち、昆虫は短い炭素鎖のスフィンゴイド塩基、例えば d14:1, d16:1 を持つ。


Name Symbol Abbreviation Note
sphingosine d18:1 So
sphinganine = dihydrosphingosine d18:0 Sa or DHSo
4-hydroxysphinganine = phytosphingosine t18:0 Phyto Originally found in plants but also in animals
6-hydroxysphingosine 6-t18:1 Found in skin


Ceramides

The word ceramide (Cer) basically refers to all N-acyl-sphingoid bases, but most representative one is N-acylsphingosines. The conjugated fatty acids are often 16 to 26 carbon chains, but ceramides in skin may contain >30 carbon chains.

セラミドという言葉は基本的に N-アシルスフィンゴイド塩基を指すが、最も代表的なものは N-アシルスフィンゴシンである。結合する脂肪酸の炭素長は16から26だが、皮膚のセラミドには長さが30以上の場合もある。

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