Category:LBS: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 00:34, 24 October 2011
Sphingolipid
Class Overview
Sphingosine & Ceramide
Sphingosine is synthesized from decarboxylating condensation of palmitoyl CoA with serine. It is a 18-carbon amino alcohol (16 carbons from palmitic acid and 2 from serine) with one unsaturated bond (2-amino-4-octadecene-1,3-diol). Sphingosine is further acylated to form ceramide, an important component of cell membranes.
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スフィンゴシンはパルミトイルCoAがアミノ酸セリンと脱炭酸縮合して生成します。炭素を18個含むアミノアルコール(16個がパルミチン酸、2個がセリン由来)で不飽和結合を1つ含んでいます (2-amino-4-octadecene-1,3-diol)。
スフィンゴシンがアシル化したものが、細胞膜の重要な成分であるセラミドです。
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Abbreviations
| Sugar Abbreviations (Ex. Glc → glucose) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Cer |  |
ceramides | セラミド |
| Sph |  |
sphingosine | スフィンゴシン |
| Glc |  |
glucose | グルコース |
| Gal |  |
galactose | ガラクトース |
| GlcNAc |  |
N-acetyl-glucosamine | N-アセチルグルコサミン |
| GalNAc |  |
N-acetyl-galactosamine | N-アセチルガラクトサミン |
| GlcN |  |
glucosamine | グルコサミン |
| GalN |  |
galactosamine | ガラクトサミン |
| GlcA |  |
glucuronic acid | グルクロン酸 |
| GalN | |
galacturonic acid | ガラクツロン酸 |
| Man |  |
mannose | マンノース |
| Rha |  |
rhamnose (= 6-deoxy-mannose) | ラムノース (6-デオキシマンノース) |
| Ins |  |
inositol | イノシトール |
| Fuc |  |
fucose (= 6-deoxy-galactose) | フコース (6-デオキシガラクトース) |
| Ara |  |
arabinose | アラビノース |
| Xyl |  |
xylose | キシロース |
| NeuAc |  |
N-acetyl-neuraminic acid | N-アセチルノイラミン酸 |
| NeuGc |  |
N-glycolyl-neuraminic acid | N-グリコリルノイラミン酸 |
| NeuNH |  |
(deacetyl) neuraminic acid (pyruvate + mannosamine) |
ノイラミン酸 (ピルビン酸＋マンノサミン) |
| KDN |  |
2-keto-3-deoxy-D-glycero- D-galacto-nononic acid |
KDN |
| Modifiers | |||
| AEPn |  |
(2-Aminoethyl-)hydroxyphosphoryl | |
| MAEPn |  |
(N-Methyl-2-aminoethyl-)hydroxyphosphoryl | |
| EtnP |  |
2-Aminoethanolphospho | |
| MAEPr | (N-Methyl-2-aminoethyl-)phosphoryl | ||
| HPO3 | Phosphono | ||
| HSO3 | Sulfono | ||
| 2C=CH | Ethyl | ||
| PC |  |
Phosphocholine | |
Page/ID Design for Sphingolipid
| L | B | S | s1 | s2 | s3 | n1 | n2 | y | c | c1 | c2 |
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Structure Code
- Note
- Most common patterns are
- 1st Digit
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- 2nd & 3rd Digits
"I" and "O" are not used to avoid confusion with "1" or "0".
| code | sugar | code | sugar | code | sugar |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | no sugar | A | other Galactose (Gal) including methylation |
L | Rhamnose (Rha) or pentose sugars (Ara, Xyl) |
| 1 | Galα1-3 | B | Other N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) or glucosamine (GlcNAc) |
M | Mannose (Man) |
| 2 | Galα1-4 | C | Galactosamine (GalN) or Glucosamine (GlcN) |
N | Neuraminic acids (NeuAc, NeuGc, NeuNH, KDN) |
| 3 | Galα1-6 | D | GlcNAcβ1-3 | P | phosphocholine (PC), phosphate (HPO3), sulphate (HSO3), and ethylene (2C=CH) |
| 4 | Galβ1-3 | E | GlcNAcβ1-4 | Q | Aminoethylphosphate (AEPn, MAEPr, EtnP) |
| 5 | Galβ1-4 | F | GlcNAcβ1-6 | ||
| 6 | Galβ1-6 | G | Other Glucose (Glc) | ||
| 7 | GalNAcβ1-3 | H | Glucuronic acid (GlcA) | ||
| 8 | GalNAcβ1-4 | J | Inositol (Ins) | Y | GlcNAcβ1-3Manβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer |
| 9 | GalNAcβ1-6 | K | Fucose (Fuc) | Z | Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1bCer |
Polysaccharide Chain
| Common Name | Sequence | LipidBank ID |
|---|---|---|
| By GalCer Synthase (EC 2.4.1.62) | ||
| Gala | 0 | Galα1-4Galβ1-Cer |
| Spirometo | 0 | Galβ1-4Glcβ1-3Galβ1-Cer |
| By GlcCer Synthase (EC 2.4.1.80) | ||
| Ganglio | 0 | GalNAcβ1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-Cer |
| Isoganglio | 0 | GalNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-Cer |
| Globo | 0 | Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-Cer |
| Isoglobo | 0 | Galα1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-Cer |
| Lacto | 0 | Galβ1-3GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-Cer |
| NeoLacto | 0 | Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4Glcβ1-Cer |
| Muco | 0 | Galβ1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-Cer |
| With Mannose | ||
| Arthro | 0 | GlcNAcβ1-3Manβ1-4Glcβ1-Cer |
| Mollu | 0 | Manα1-3Manβ1-4Glcβ1-Cer |
Classification
By the Number of Sugars 糖の個数
For glycosphingolipid, 2 digits following LBS stand for the number of attached sugars. For phosphosphingolipid, the code of phosphorylation, PP. |
スフィンゴ糖脂質は結合している糖の総数をLBSに続く2桁の数字で、スフィンゴリン脂質は数字の代わりにリン酸化修飾を示す記号PPで分類しています。 |
| Sphingolipid Overview | ||
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Glycosphingolipid |
Phosphosphingolipid | |
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