Category:LBS: Difference between revisions
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[[:Category:LBSB| '''Ceramide''']]<br/>{{LBS/Cer|OH}}<br/><small>セラミド</small> | [[:Category:LBSB| '''Ceramide''']]<br/>{{LBS/Cer|OH}}<br/><small>セラミド</small> | ||
| style="vertical-align:top" width="33%"| | | style="vertical-align:top" width="33%"| | ||
[[:Category: | [[:Category:LBS#スフィンゴ糖脂質 Glycosphingolipid|'''Glycosphingolipid''']]<br/>{{LBS/Cer|O-(sugar)}}<br/><small>スフィンゴ糖脂質</small> | ||
| style="vertical-align:top" width="33%"| | | style="vertical-align:top" width="33%"| | ||
[[:Category:LBSP| '''Phosphosphingolipid''']]<br/>{{LBS/Cer|O-(phosphate)}}<br/><small>スフィンゴリン脂質</small> | [[:Category:LBSP| '''Phosphosphingolipid''']]<br/>{{LBS/Cer|O-(phosphate)}}<br/><small>スフィンゴリン脂質</small> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
*[[:Category:LBSB| | *[[:Category:LBSB|Long-chain base and ceramide]] | ||
| | | | ||
*[[:Category:LBSC|Cerebroside <small>(monohexosyl ceramides)</small>]] | *[[:Category:LBSC|Cerebroside <small>(monohexosyl ceramides)</small>]] | ||
*[[:Category:LBSG|Acidic | *[[:Category:LBSG|Acidic glycosphingolipid]] | ||
| | | | ||
*[[:Category:LBSP| | *[[:Category:LBSP|Sphingomyelin, CPE, CAEP and GIPC]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
</center> | </center> | ||
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</center> | </center> | ||
== | ==スフィンゴ脂質 Sphingolipid== | ||
==={{Bilingual|表記法|Notation}}=== | ==={{Bilingual|表記法|Notation}}=== | ||
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|} | |} | ||
=== | ===分類体系 ID-Code Design=== | ||
{{Twocolumn| | {{Twocolumn| | ||
Major series of phosphosphingolipids are determined by molecules bound to their phosphates, and the series of glycosphingolipids are determined by oligosaccharides bound to their ceramides. The IUPAC series of glycosphingolipids (1977) were based on the order and bonding patterns of four sugars rooting at the long-chain base. Our series, however, are based on three sugars. Two original series, Echino and Schisto, are also added. | Major series of phosphosphingolipids are determined by molecules bound to their phosphates, and the series of glycosphingolipids are determined by oligosaccharides bound to their ceramides. The IUPAC series of glycosphingolipids (1977) were based on the order and bonding patterns of four sugars rooting at the long-chain base. Our series, however, are based on three sugars. Two original series, Echino and Schisto, are also added. | ||
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|} | |} | ||
=== | ===スフィンゴ糖脂質 Glycosphingolipid=== | ||
<span id="SphingolipidClass"></span> | <span id="SphingolipidClass"></span> | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; background-color:white" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; background-color:white" | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! starting with<br/><big>Galactose</big> | ! starting with<br/><big>Galactose</big> | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBStitle|<b>G1</b>|LBSG1}} <br /> ({{#volatile:ClassMatrix|{{#countTitle:LBSG1}} items|LBSG1.....|7|8|9|9|Number_of_Sugars|Number_of_Sialic_acids}}) | ||
|style="text-align:right"| '''Gal'''-Cer | |style="text-align:right"| '''Gal'''-Cer | ||
| | | | ||
{| style="width:100%;" | {| style="width:100%;" | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Gala / Neogala|Mainchain.*Gala1-4?6?Galb1-Cer}} | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|Gala1-4/6Galb1-Cer}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"|{{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Spirometo|Mainchain.*Galb1-4Glcb1-3Galb1-Cer}} | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|Galb1-4Glcb1-3Galb1-Cer}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="8" | starting with<br/><big>Glucose</big> | ! rowspan="8" | starting with<br/><big>Glucose</big> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBStitle|<b>G2</b>|LBSG2}} <br /> ({{#volatile:ClassMatrix|{{#countTitle:LBSG2}} items|LBSG2.....|7|8|9|9|Number_of_Sugars|Number_of_Sialic_acids}}) | ||
|style="text-align:right"| '''GalNAc<sub>β</sub>'''-Gal<sub>β</sub>-Glc<sub>β</sub>-Cer | |style="text-align:right"| '''GalNAc<sub>β</sub>'''-Gal<sub>β</sub>-Glc<sub>β</sub>-Cer | ||
| | | | ||
{| style="width:100%" | {| style="width:100%" | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Ganglio|Mainchain.*GalNAcb1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GalNAcb1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Isoganglio|Mainchain.*GalNAcb1-3Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}}<ref name="iso">In IUPAC, "iso" refers to a change from position 4 to position 3.</ref> | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GalNAcb1-3Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Lactoganglio|Structure.*GlcNAcb1-3\(.*GalNAcb1-4\)Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GlcNAcb1-3(GalNAcb1-4)Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|a-series|Structure.*\(?NeuAca2-3\)?Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GalNAcb1-4(NeuAca2-3)Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|b-series|Structure.*\(?NeuAca2-8NeuAca2-3\)?Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GalNAcb1-4(NeuAca2-8NeuAca2-3)Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|c-series|Structure.*\(?NeuAca2-8NeuAca2-8NeuAca2-3\)?Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GalNAcb1-4(NeuAca2-8NeuAca2-8NeuAca2-3)Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|α-series|Structure.*\(?NeuAca2-6\)?GalNAcb1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|...(NeuAca2-6)GalNAcb1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|β-series|Structure.*\(?NeuAca2-8NeuAca2-6\)?GalNAcb1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|...(NeuAca2-8NeuAca2-6)GalNAcb1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBStitle|<b>G3</b>|LBSG3}} <br /> ({{#volatile:ClassMatrix|{{#countTitle:LBSG3}} items|LBSG3.....|7|8|9|9|Number_of_Sugars|Number_of_Sialic_acids}}) | ||
|style="text-align:right"| '''GlcNAc<sub>β</sub>'''-Gal<sub>β</sub>-Glc<sub>β</sub>-Cer | |style="text-align:right"| '''GlcNAc<sub>β</sub>'''-Gal<sub>β</sub>-Glc<sub>β</sub>-Cer | ||
| | | | ||
{| style="width:100%" | {| style="width:100%" | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Lacto|Mainchain.*Galb1-3GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|Galb1-3GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Neolacto|Mainchain.*Gal.1-4GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}}<ref name="neo">In IUPAC, "neo" refers to a change from position 3 to position 4.</ref> | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|Galb1-4GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBStitle|<b>G4</b>|LBSG4}} <br /> ({{#volatile:ClassMatrix|{{#countTitle:LBSG4}} items|LBSG4.....|7|8|9|9|Number_of_Sugars|Number_of_Sialic_acids}}) | ||
|style="text-align:right"| '''Gal<sub>α</sub>'''-Gal<sub>β</sub>-Glc<sub>β</sub>-Cer | |style="text-align:right"| '''Gal<sub>α</sub>'''-Gal<sub>β</sub>-Glc<sub>β</sub>-Cer | ||
| | | | ||
{| style="width:100%" | {| style="width:100%" | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Globo|Mainchain.*Gala1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|Gala1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Isoglobo|Mainchain.*Gala1-3Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}}<ref name="iso"/> | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|Gala1-3Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBStitle|<b>G5</b>|LBSG5}} <br /> ({{#volatile:ClassMatrix|{{#countTitle:LBSG5}} items|LBSG5.....|7|8|9|9|Number_of_Sugars|Number_of_Sialic_acids}}) | ||
|style="text-align:right"| Gal-Glc-Cer<br/>(Other than G2∼G4) | |style="text-align:right"| Gal-Glc-Cer<br/>(Other than G2∼G4) | ||
| | | | ||
{| style="width:100%" | {| style="width:100%" | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Muco|Mainchain.*Galb1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|Galb1-4Galb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBStitle|<b>G6</b>|LBSG6}} <br /> ({{#volatile:ClassMatrix|{{#countTitle:LBSG6}} items|LBSG6.....|7|8|9|9|Number_of_Sugars|Number_of_Sialic_acids}}) | ||
|style="text-align:right"| '''Man'''-Glc<sub>β</sub>-Cer | |style="text-align:right"| '''Man'''-Glc<sub>β</sub>-Cer | ||
| | | | ||
{| style="width:100%" | {| style="width:100%" | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Arthro|Mainchain.*GlcNAcb1-3Manb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GlcNAcb1-3Manb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Mollu|Mainchain.*Mana1-3Manb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|Mana1-3Manb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBStitle|<b>G7</b>|LBSG7}} <br /> ({{#volatile:ClassMatrix|{{#countTitle:LBSG7}} items|LBSG7.....|7|8|9|9|Number_of_Sugars|Number_of_Sialic_acids}}) | ||
|style="text-align:right"| '''NeuAc'''/'''NeuGc'''-Glc<sub>β</sub>-Cer | |style="text-align:right"| '''NeuAc'''/'''NeuGc'''-Glc<sub>β</sub>-Cer | ||
| | | | ||
{| style="width:100%" | {| style="width:100%" | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Echino|Mainchain.*Neu(A~G)c.2-6Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| <font color=purple>'''NeuGc'''</font> or {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| <font color=purple>'''NeuGc'''</font> or {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|NeuAca2-6Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBStitle|<b>G8</b>|LBSG8}} <br /> ({{#volatile:ClassMatrix|{{#countTitle:LBSG8}} items|LBSG8.....|7|8|9|9|Number_of_Sugars|Number_of_Sialic_acids}}) | ||
|style="text-align:right"| '''GalNAc'''-Glc-Cer | |style="text-align:right"| '''GalNAc'''-Glc-Cer | ||
| | | | ||
{| style="width:100%" | {| style="width:100%" | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Schisto|Mainchain.*GalNAc.1-4Glc.1-Cer}}<ref>Makaaru CK, Damian RT, Smith DF, Cummings RD. "The human blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni synthesizes a novel type of glycosphingolipid" J Biol Chem 1992 267:2251-2257 PMID 1733932</ref> | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GalNAcb1-4Glcb1-Cer}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! starting with<br/><big>Other Sugars</big> | ! starting with<br/><big>Other Sugars</big> | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBStitle|<b>G</b>(<b>A</b>∼<b>R</b>)|LBSG(A~B~C~D~E~F~G~H~J~K~M~N~O~P~Q~R)}} | ||
|colspan="2"| Symbols follow the Sugar- | |colspan="2"| Symbols follow the [[:Category:LBS#Sugar-Digit Table]]. | ||
|} | |} | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
=== | ===スフィンゴリン脂質 Phosphosphingolipid=== | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; background-color:white" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; background-color:white" | ||
! First sugar || Code || Root sequence | ! First sugar || Code || Root sequence | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="4" | starting with<br/><big>Inositol</big> | ! rowspan="4" | starting with<br/><big>Inositol</big> | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBStitle|<b>P2</b>|LBSP2}} <br /> ({{#countTitle:LBSP2}} items) | ||
| style="text-align:right"| '''GlcN'''<sub>α/β1−2/6</sub>Ins<sub>1</sub>-P-Cer | | style="text-align:right"| '''GlcN'''<sub>α/β1−2/6</sub>Ins<sub>1</sub>-P-Cer | ||
| | | | ||
{|style="width:100%" | {|style="width:100%" | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Protozoa & Fungi-specific|Mainchain.*GlcN.1-.Ins-P-Cer}} | ||
| style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | | style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GlcNa/b1-2/6Ins1-P-Cer}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBStitle|<b>P3</b>|LBSP3}} <br /> ({{#countTitle:LBSP3}} items) | ||
|style="text-align:right"| '''GlcA'''<sub>α/β1−2/6</sub>Ins<sub>1</sub>-P-Cer | |style="text-align:right"| '''GlcA'''<sub>α/β1−2/6</sub>Ins<sub>1</sub>-P-Cer | ||
| | | | ||
{|style="width:100%" | {|style="width:100%" | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:left"| | |style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Plant-specific|Mainchain.*GlcA.1-.Ins-P-Cer}} | ||
|style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | |style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GlcAa/b1-2/6Ins1-P-Cer}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBStitle|<b>P4</b>|LBSP4}} <br /> ({{#countTitle:LBSP4}} items) | ||
| style="text-align:right"| '''Man'''<sub>α/β1−2/6</sub>Ins<sub>1</sub>-P-Cer | | style="text-align:right"| '''Man'''<sub>α/β1−2/6</sub>Ins<sub>1</sub>-P-Cer | ||
| | | | ||
{| style="width:100%" | {| style="width:100%" | ||
| style="border:0;text-align:left"| | | style="border:0;text-align:left"| {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Fungi-specific|Mainchain.*Man.1-.Ins-P-Cer}} | ||
| style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{LBS | | style="border:0;text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|Mana/b1-2/6Ins1-P-Cer}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBStitle|<b>P5</b>|LBSP5}} <br /> ({{#countTitle:LBSP5}} items) | ||
| style="text-align:right"| Others | | style="text-align:right"| Gal, Glc, and Others | ||
| style="text-align:right"| {{LBS | | style="text-align:right"| {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|X-Ins1-P-Cer}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
=== | ===Sugar-Digit Table=== | ||
<span id="SphingolipidSugar"></span> | <span id="SphingolipidSugar"></span> | ||
{{Bilingual|クリックすると一覧が出ます。記号の略称については|Click to see the full list. For abbreviations, see}} [[#Notation]]. | {{Bilingual|クリックすると一覧が出ます。記号の略称については|Click to see the full list. For abbreviations, see}} [[#Notation]]. | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! '''J''' | ! '''J''' | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Mannose|Structure.*Man}} [[File:LBS-Monomer-Man.png]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''K''' | ! '''K''' | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Rhamnose|Structure.*Rha}} [[File:LBS-Monomer-Rha.png]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''L''' | ! '''L''' | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Inositol|Structure.*Ins(Me)?-P-[^Cer]}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''M''' | ! '''M''' | ||
| Fucose ( | | Fucose ({{#volatile:ListMol/LBS| 1|Structure[^F]+Fuc[^F]+$}}, {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|2|Structure([^F]+Fuc){2}[^F]+$}}, {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|>3|Structure([^F]+Fuc){3} }}) [[File:LBS-Monomer-Fuc.png]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''N''' | ! '''N''' | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Arabinose|Structure.*Ara}} [[File:LBS-Monomer-Ara.png]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''O''' | ! '''O''' | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Xylose|Structure.*Xyl}} [[File:LBS-Monomer-Xyl.png]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''P''' | ! '''P''' | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|NeuAc / NeuNH|Structure.*(NeuAc~NeuNH)}} [[File:LBS-Monomer-NeuAc.png]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''Q''' | ! '''Q''' | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|NeuGc|Structure.*(NeuGc)}} [[File:LBS-Monomer-NeuGc.png]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''R''' | ! '''R''' | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Kdn|Structure.*(KDN)}} [[File:LBS-Monomer-KDN.png]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
|valign="top"| | |valign="top"| | ||
Line 373: | Line 363: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''S''' | ! '''S''' | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Phosphate (except GIPC)|Structure.*(Phospho)}} [[File:LBS-Monomer-P.png]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''T''' | ! '''T''' | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|(M)AEPn|Structure.*(AEPn)}}, {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|EtnP|Structure.*(EtnP)}}, {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|PC|Structure.*(PC)}} [[File:LBS-Monomer-AEPn.png]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''U''' | ! '''U''' | ||
| | | {{#volatile:ListMol/LBS|Sulfate|Structure.*Sulfo}} [[File:LBS-Monomer-S.png]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
! '''V''' | ! '''V''' | ||
Line 392: | Line 382: | ||
}} | }} | ||
=={{Bilingual|スフィンゴ脂質の歴史|History of Sphingolipids}}== | |||
{{Twocolumn| | |||
Sphingolipids were first isolated from brain by J.L.W. Thudichum (1829-1901) as lipids of unknown function and structure.<ref>Thudichum J.L.W.?"A Treatise on the Chemical Constitution of the Balliere" Tindall and Cox, London,?1884</ref> The basic structure is a long-chain base (long-chain amino-alcohol) whose amino-group is acylated with a long-chain fatty acid. This hydrophobic structure is called ceramides. | |||
Sphingolipid consists of phospho-sphingolipid and glyco-sphingolipid, whose ceramide structure is bonded with phosphate and (oligo)saccharides, respectively. Phosphosphingolipid includes sphingomyelin, and glycosphingolipid, cerebrosides and gangliosides. Both are abundant in neural tissues.<ref>Gault CR,?Obeid LM,?Hannun YA "An overview of sphingolipid synthesis to breakdown" Adv Exp Med Biol.?2010;688:1-23. PMID 20919643</ref> | |||
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スフィンゴ脂質は J.L.W. Thudichum (1829-1901) により機能や構造未知の脂質として脳から見いだされました。基本骨格は長鎖塩基 (長鎖アミノアルコール) のアミノ基が長鎖脂肪酸とアミド結合したもので、セラミドと呼ばれます。 | |||
スフィンゴ脂質はセラミドにリン酸が結合したスフィンゴリン脂質と糖が結合したスフィンゴ糖脂質に分けられます。スフィンゴリン脂質にはスフィンゴミエリンが、スフィンゴ糖脂質にはセレブロシドやガングリオシドなどが含まれ、いずれも神経系に多く存在します。 | |||
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<references/> | |||
<!--- | <!--- | ||
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| '''1''' | | '''1''' | ||
|rowspan="3"| <b>Galactose</b><br/>(α form) | |rowspan="3"| <b>Galactose</b><br/>(α form) | ||
| {{LBS | | {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|Gala1-3 ...}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''2''' || {{LBS | | '''2''' || {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|Gala1-4 ...}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''3''' || {{LBS | | '''3''' || {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|Gala1-6 ...}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''4''' | | '''4''' | ||
|rowspan="3"| <b>Galactose</b><br/>(β form) | |rowspan="3"| <b>Galactose</b><br/>(β form) | ||
| {{LBS | | {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|Galb1-3 ...}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''5''' || {{LBS | | '''5''' || {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|Galb1-4 ...}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''6''' || {{LBS | | '''6''' || {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|Galb1-6 ...}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
|valign="top"| | |valign="top"| | ||
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| '''7''' | | '''7''' | ||
|rowspan="3"| <b>''N''-Acetyl Galactosamine</b><br/>(β form) | |rowspan="3"| <b>''N''-Acetyl Galactosamine</b><br/>(β form) | ||
| {{LBS | | {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GalNAcb1-3 ...}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''8''' || {{LBS | | '''8''' || {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GalNAcb1-4 ...}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''9''' || {{LBS | | '''9''' || {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GalNAcb1-6 ...}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''A''' | | '''A''' | ||
|rowspan="3"| <b>''N''-Acetyl Glucosamine</b><br/>(β form) | |rowspan="3"| <b>''N''-Acetyl Glucosamine</b><br/>(β form) | ||
| {{LBS | | {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GlcNAcb1-3 ...}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''B''' | | '''B''' | ||
| {{LBS | | {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GlcNAcb1-4 ...}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''C''' | | '''C''' | ||
| {{LBS | | {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GlcNAcb1-6 ...}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
|} | |} | ||
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| '''D''' | | '''D''' | ||
|rowspan="2"| <b>Aminated Sugars</b><br/>(Except for Code 7∼C) | |rowspan="2"| <b>Aminated Sugars</b><br/>(Except for Code 7∼C) | ||
| {{LBS | | {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GalNAc, GalN}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''E''' || {{LBS | | '''E''' || {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GlcNAc, GlcN}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''F''' | | '''F''' | ||
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!colspan="2"| Abbreviations | !colspan="2"| Abbreviations | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Y''' || {{LBS | | '''Y''' || {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|GlcNAcb1-3Manb1-4Glcb1-1Cer}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Z''' || {{LBS | | '''Z''' || {{#invoke:LBS|FormatSugar|Galb1-4Glcb1-1bCer}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
|} | |} |
Latest revision as of 06:42, 28 May 2024
Sphingolipid
Upper classes: LB
Class Overview
Three Sphingolipid categories (LBS) exist in this database. |
このデータベースではスフィンゴ脂質を以下に分けています。 |
Ceramide
セラミド |
Glycosphingolipid
スフィンゴ糖脂質 |
Phosphosphingolipid
スフィンゴリン脂質 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
スフィンゴ脂質 Sphingolipid
Notation
分類体系 ID-Code Design
Major series of phosphosphingolipids are determined by molecules bound to their phosphates, and the series of glycosphingolipids are determined by oligosaccharides bound to their ceramides. The IUPAC series of glycosphingolipids (1977) were based on the order and bonding patterns of four sugars rooting at the long-chain base. Our series, however, are based on three sugars. Two original series, Echino and Schisto, are also added. |
スフィンゴリン脂質はリン酸に結合する分子や糖の種類、スフィンゴ糖脂質はセラミドに結合する糖鎖により系列を作成しています。1977年にIUPACが提唱したスフィンゴ糖脂質の系列は、長鎖塩基に結合する四糖の並びと結合を基準にしています。ここではより広い糖鎖の系列を検索できるよう、三糖を基準に分類しています。また新たにEchinoとSchistoの系列を加えています。 |
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スフィンゴ糖脂質 Glycosphingolipid
First sugar | Code | Root sequence | Major Series | |||||||||||||||
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Cerebroside | For GalCer and GlcCer, visit this page. | |||||||||||||||||
starting with Galactose |
() |
Gal-Cer |
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starting with Glucose | ||||||||||||||||||
() |
GalNAcβ-Galβ-Glcβ-Cer |
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() |
GlcNAcβ-Galβ-Glcβ-Cer |
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() |
Galα-Galβ-Glcβ-Cer |
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() |
Gal-Glc-Cer (Other than G2∼G4) |
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() |
Man-Glcβ-Cer |
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() |
NeuAc/NeuGc-Glcβ-Cer |
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() |
GalNAc-Glc-Cer |
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starting with Other Sugars |
Symbols follow the Category:LBS#Sugar-Digit Table. |
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 In IUPAC, "iso" refers to a change from position 4 to position 3.
- ↑ In IUPAC, "neo" refers to a change from position 3 to position 4.
- ↑ Makaaru CK, Damian RT, Smith DF, Cummings RD. "The human blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni synthesizes a novel type of glycosphingolipid" J Biol Chem 1992 267:2251-2257 PMID 1733932
スフィンゴリン脂質 Phosphosphingolipid
First sugar | Code | Root sequence | Major Series | ||
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No Sugar Attached | P1 (LBSP) | R-P-Cer | Sphingomyelin and Ceramide phosphoetanolamine (Visit this page.) | ||
starting with Inositol |
(29 items) |
GlcNα/β1−2/6Ins1-P-Cer |
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(10 items) |
GlcAα/β1−2/6Ins1-P-Cer |
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(52 items) |
Manα/β1−2/6Ins1-P-Cer |
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(21 items) |
Gal, Glc, and Others | X-Ins1-P-Cer |
Sugar-Digit Table
Click to see the full list. For abbreviations, see #Notation.
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Biosynthesis
History of Sphingolipids
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