Category:LBGAC

Caldarchaeol

Upper classes: LB LBG LBGA

Caldarchaeol is glyceroldialkylglycerol tetraether (GDGT), i.e., two isopranyl chains of C40 are ether-attached to two glycerols at both ends. Its stereochemical configuration is usually symmetric but its regioisomer (isocaldarchaeol) coexists to some extent.

In Sulfolobus, methyl groups in the isopranyl chains may form cyclopentanes, and the number of cyclopentanes was found to increase as the growth temperature increases. The same effect was also observed in Thermoplasma [1] but not in Candidatus Nitrososphaera gargensis. [2] The existence of crenarchaeol also suggests that the ring synthesis is not a direct consequence of high temperature.

カルドアーキオールはグリセロジアルキルグリセロール テトラエーテル(GDGT)のことで、二本のC40イソプラン鎖が両側でグリセロールにエーテル結合しています。通常は左右対称な結合様式ですが、グリセロールの向きが反転したイソ体も存在します。

イソプラン鎖のメチル基が複数の五員環を構成することが知られ、Sulfolobusでは生育温度を上げると五員環の数も増えることが知られています。同様の効果はThermoplasmaでも観測されましたが、Candidatus Nitrososphaera gargensis では観測されていません。 クレンアーキオールの存在も環構造の生成が単なる温度依存でないことを示しています。

  1. Shimada et al. (2008) J Bacteriol 190, 5404 PMID 18539746
  2. Pitcher A et al. (2010) ISME J 4, 542 DOI

Subtype

Caldarchaeol (GDGT) LBGAC.png

Isocaldarchaeol LBGAI.png

A geometric isomer of caldarchaeol where the alkanediols connect sn-2 and sn-2 (and sn-3 and sn-3) positions. Gräther et al. first found this regioisomer in Methanothermobacter marburgensis. It was also found in Thermoplasma acidophilum and Sulfolobus solfataricus.

片方のグリセロールがCaldarchaeolと向きの違う異性体。Gräther らがMethanothermobacter marburgensisより見つけ、Thermoplasma acidophilumSulfolobus solfataricus でも確認されました。

Arrow00r35.png LBGAC 4ring.png
Arrow00r35.png LBGAC 8ring.png
Caldarchaeol with cyclopentanes

The biosynthesis starts from the core lipid with no cyclopentane, and the number of cyclopentanes increases one by one up to eight. The composition depends on the species and their culture conditions, and we do not register the ring variations within the same species in this database.

生合成はコア構造である五員環の無いタイプから、1つずつ環を増やして 8 個含むものまでが存在します。それらの組成は生物種や培養条件にも依存するので、このデータベースでは五員環数のバリエーションを個別に登録していません。

List

No Sugar

ID Polar group
Gro: glycerol
Sugar group
Glc: glucose Gul: gulose
LBGACE0N01 P-Etn
LBGACG0N01 P-Gro
LBGACP0N01 P
LBGACS0N01 P-Ser

One Sugar including inositol

ID Polar group
Gro: glycerol
Sugar group
Glc: glucose Gul: gulose
LBGACG1G01 P-Gro Glcxa
LBGACG1L01 P-Gro Gulpb
LBGACG1L02 Gulpb
LBGACI1N01 P-Ino
LBGACN1G01 Glcpb
LBGACN1G02 Glcpa
LBGACN1G03 Glcpb
LBGACN1G04 Glcpb
LBGACN1L01 Gulpb
LBGACN1L02 Gulpb
LBGACP1G01 P Glcpb

Two Sugars including inositol

ID Polar group
Gro: glycerol
Sugar group
Glc: glucose Gul: gulose
LBGACA2G01 P-N,N,N-trimethyl-aminopentanetetrol Glcpa1-2Galfb
LBGACA2G02 P-N,N,N-trimethyl-aminopentanetetrol Galfb1-6Galfb
LBGACA2G03 P-N,N-dimethyl-aminopentanetetrol Glcpa1-2Galfb
LBGACA2G04 P-N,N-dimethyl-aminopentanetetrol Galfb1-6Galfb
LBGACE2G01 P-Etn Glcpb1-6Glcpb
LBGACG2G01 P-Gro Galfb1-6Galfb
LBGACG2G02 P-Gro Glcpa1-2Galfb
LBGACG2L01 P-Gro Manpa1-3Gulpb
LBGACG2L02 Gulpb
LBGACI2G01 P-Ino Glcpb
LBGACI2G02 P-Ino Glcpb
LBGACI2G03 P-Ino Galpb
LBGACN2G01 Glcpa1-2(6-Oac)Galfb
LBGACN2G02 Glcpb1-2Glcpb
LBGACN2G03 Glcpa, Glcpa
LBGACN2G04 Glcpb1-3Galpb
LBGACN2G05 Glcpb1-6Glcpb
LBGACN2G06 Glcpa1-2Galfb
LBGACN2G07 Galfb1-6Galfb
LBGACN2G08 Glcpb1-6Glcpb
LBGACN2G09 Glcpb1-6Galpb
LBGACN2G10 Glcpa1-4Galpb
LBGACN2G11 Glcpb1-xGalpb
LBGACN2G12 Glcpb1-xGalpb
LBGACN2L01 Gulpb, Gulpb
LBGACN2L02 Gulpb, Glcpa
LBGACN2L03 Gulpb, Gulpb
LBGACN2L04 Manpa1-3Gulpb
LBGACN2S01 HSO3-Glcpb1-3Galpb
LBGACP2G01 P Glcpb1-6Glcpb
LBGACS2G01 P-Ser Glcpb1-6Glcpb

Three or more including inositol

ID Polar group
Gro: glycerol
Sugar group
Glc: glucose Gul: gulose
LBGACG3L01 P-Gro Manpa1-3Manpa1-3Gulpb
LBGACG4L01 P-Gro Manpa1-3Manpa1-3Manpa1-3Gulpb
LBGACI3G01 P-Ino Glcpb1-3Galpb
LBGACI3G02 P-Ino Glcpb1-6Glcpb
LBGACI3G03 P-Ino Glcpb1-6Galpb
LBGACI3G04 P-Ino Glcpa1-4Galpb
LBGACI3S01 P-Ino HSO3-Glcpb1-3Galpb
LBGACI3X01 P-Ino acetyldiglycosyl
LBGACI4G01 P-Ino Glcpb1-2Glcpb1-2Glcpb
LBGACN3G01 Glcpa1-2Galfb
LBGACN3G02 Glcpb1-2Glcpb1-2Glcpb
LBGACN3G03 Glcpb1-6Glcpb1-6Glcpb
LBGACN3G04 Glcpb1-6Glcpb1-6Glcpb
LBGACN3L01 Manpa1-3Gulpb, Gulpb
LBGACN3L02 Manpa1-3Manpa1-3Gulpb
LBGACN4G01 Glcpb1-xGalpb
LBGACN4L01 Manpa1-3Manpa1-3Manpa1-3Gulpb
LBGACNXM01 Manpa1-2Manpa1-4Manpa1-3Manpa1-2Manpa1-4Manpa1-3Manpa1-2Manpa1-4Manpa1-3Manpa1-2Manpa1-4Manpa1-3Manpa1-2Manpa1-4Manpa1-3Manpa1-2Manpa1-4Manpa1-3Manpa1-2Manpa1-4Manpa1-3Manpa1-2Manpa1-4Manpa1-3Glcpa

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